A doubly holographic dS2 model has a third extremal surface whose dominance creates a phase transition, but the surface's geodesic length can be negative.
Islands and the de Sitter entropy bound
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abstract
The de Sitter (dS) entropy bound gives the maximal number of e-folds that non-eternal inflation can last before violating the thermodynamical interpretation of dS space. This semiclassical argument is the analogue, for dS space, of the Black-Hole information paradox. We use techniques developed to address the latter, namely the island formula, to calculate semiclassically the fine-grained entropy as seen by a Minkowskian observer after inflation and find that this follows a Page-like curve, never exceeding the thermodynamic dS entropy. This calculation, performed for a CFT in 2D gravity, suggests that the semiclassical expectation should be modified in such a way that the entropy bound might actually not be present.
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Phase transition in a doubly holographic model of closed $\mathbf{dS_{2} }$ spacetime
A doubly holographic dS2 model has a third extremal surface whose dominance creates a phase transition, but the surface's geodesic length can be negative.