Using BHF-derived in-medium cross sections in the IBUU transport model, the paper shows that nuclear stopping and differential flow are sensitive to scattering-amplitude, density-of-states, and total-momentum effects, while n/p and transverse-flow-difference probes remain robust.
Neutron-proton elliptic flow difference as a probe for the high density dependence of the symmetry energy
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abstract
We employ an isospin dependent version of the QMD transport model to study the influence of the isospin dependent part of the nuclear matter equation of state and in-medium nucleon-nucleon cross-sections on the dynamics of heavy-ion collisions at intermediate energies. We find that the extraction of useful information on the isospin-dependent part of the equation of state of nuclear matter from proton or neutron elliptic flows is obstructed by their sensitivity to model parameters and in-medium values of nucleon-nucleon cross-sections. Opposite to that, neutron-proton elliptic flow difference shows little dependence on those variables while its dependence on the isospin asymmetric EoS is enhanced. Comparison with experimental neutron-hydrogen FOPI-LAND data excludes the extreme super-soft scenarios for the high density dependence of asy-EoS. Existing neutron-proton elliptic flow difference experimental data are poised with uncertainties and cannot constrain the asy-EoS any further.
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In-medium effects of nucleon-nucleon cross sections in heavy-ion collisions
Using BHF-derived in-medium cross sections in the IBUU transport model, the paper shows that nuclear stopping and differential flow are sensitive to scattering-amplitude, density-of-states, and total-momentum effects, while n/p and transverse-flow-difference probes remain robust.