Models delayed verification in multi-agent LLMs as graph consensus, derives stability thresholds (inverse golden ratio for delay two) via grounded Laplacian, and gives a supermodular greedy rule for corrector placement; experiments on five models confirm dose-delay oscillations.
From Spark to Fire: Modeling and Mitigating Error Cascades in LLM-Based Multi-Agent Collaboration
6 Pith papers cite this work. Polarity classification is still indexing.
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abstract
Large Language Model-based Multi-Agent Systems (LLM-MAS) are increasingly applied to complex collaborative scenarios. However, their collaborative mechanisms may cause minor inaccuracies to gradually solidify into system-level false consensus through iteration. Such risks are difficult to trace since errors can propagate and amplify through message dependencies. Existing protections often rely on single-agent validation or require modifications to the collaboration architecture, which can weaken effective information flow and may not align with natural collaboration processes in real tasks. To address this, we propose a propagation dynamics model tailored for LLM-MAS that abstracts collaboration as a directed dependency graph and provides an early-stage risk criterion to characterize amplification risk. Through experiments on six mainstream frameworks, we identify three vulnerability classes: cascade amplification, topological sensitivity, and consensus inertia. We further instantiate an attack where injecting just a single atomic error seed leads to widespread failure. In response, we introduce a genealogy-graph-based governance layer, implemented as a message-layer plugin, that suppresses both endogenous and exogenous error amplification without altering the collaboration architecture. Experiments show that this approach prevents final infection in at least 89% of runs across operating modes and significantly mitigates the cascading spread of minor errors.
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2026 6roles
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NRT-Bench reports that adaptive multi-turn attacks cause critical safety function loss in 8.7-12.1% of sessions across four frontier LLM operator models, with nearly disjoint vulnerabilities and strongly model-dependent defense effects.
CASPIAN introduces unified cross-channel causal monitoring via late-interaction conditional transfer entropy to detect cascade onset and attribute origin, bridge, and amplifier agents in LLM multi-agent systems.
Graph world-model rollout error splits into a spectral topology factor and a model-norm factor, and Error-Aware training improves long-horizon stability when structure is fixed or evolving.
A synthesis of 247 papers on LLM agent security identifies prompt injection and tool hijacking as dominant threats, notes weakly compositional defenses, and argues for trust boundaries and realistic evaluations.
citing papers explorer
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Delayed Verification Destabilizes Multi-Agent LLM Belief: Instability Thresholds and Optimal Corrector Placement
Models delayed verification in multi-agent LLMs as graph consensus, derives stability thresholds (inverse golden ratio for delay two) via grounded Laplacian, and gives a supermodular greedy rule for corrector placement; experiments on five models confirm dose-delay oscillations.
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NRT-Bench: Benchmarking Multi-Turn Red-Teaming of LLM Operator Agents in Safety-Critical Control Rooms
NRT-Bench reports that adaptive multi-turn attacks cause critical safety function loss in 8.7-12.1% of sessions across four frontier LLM operator models, with nearly disjoint vulnerabilities and strongly model-dependent defense effects.
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CASPIAN: Online Detection and Attribution of Cascade Attacks in LLM Multi-Agent Systems via Cross-Channel Causal Monitoring
CASPIAN introduces unified cross-channel causal monitoring via late-interaction conditional transfer entropy to detect cascade onset and attribute origin, bridge, and amplifier agents in LLM multi-agent systems.
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Understanding Rollout Error in Graph World Models
Graph world-model rollout error splits into a spectral topology factor and a model-norm factor, and Error-Aware training improves long-horizon stability when structure is fixed or evolving.
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Toward Secure LLM Agents: Threat Surfaces, Attacks, Defenses, and Evaluation
A synthesis of 247 papers on LLM agent security identifies prompt injection and tool hijacking as dominant threats, notes weakly compositional defenses, and argues for trust boundaries and realistic evaluations.
- Not Just RLHF: Why Alignment Alone Won't Fix Multi-Agent Sycophancy