A single-zone model with added proton-proton collisions suggests W Comae and 1ES 1959+650 need hadronic emission, and CTAO sensitivity forecasts show all four BL Lacs are detectable.
VERITAS Discovery of >200GeV Gamma-ray Emission from the Intermediate-frequency-peaked BL Lac Object W Comae
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abstract
We report the detection of very high-energy gamma-ray emission from the intermediate-frequency-peaked BL Lacertae object W Comae (z=0.102) by VERITAS. The source was observed between January and April 2008. A strong outburst of gamma-ray emission was measured in the middle of March, lasting for only four days. The energy spectrum measured during the two highest flare nights is fit by a power-law and is found to be very steep, with a differential photon spectral index of Gamma = 3.81 +- 0.35_stat +- 0.34_syst. The integral photon flux above 200GeV during those two nights corresponds to roughly 9% of the flux from the Crab Nebula. Quasi-simultaneous Swift observations at X-ray energies were triggered by the VERITAS observations. The spectral energy distribution of the flare data can be described by synchrotron-self-Compton (SSC) or external-Compton (EC) leptonic jet models, with the latter offering a more natural set of parameters to fit the data.
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Blazars Jets and prospects for TeV-PeV neutrinos & gamma-rays through cosmic-ray interactions
A single-zone model with added proton-proton collisions suggests W Comae and 1ES 1959+650 need hadronic emission, and CTAO sensitivity forecasts show all four BL Lacs are detectable.