Local baryon conservation in a canonical ensemble drives net-proton κ6/κ2 to small or negative values in restricted acceptance, establishing a baseline that must be subtracted before interpreting signals of chiral criticality.
Finite resonance widths influence the thermal-model description of hadron yields
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abstract
Different scenarios for modeling resonances in a thermal model description of hadron yields measured in heavy-ion collisions are explored: the zero-width approximation, the energy independent Breit-Wigner scheme, and the energy dependent Breit-Wigner (eBW) scheme. Application of the eBW scheme leads to a notable suppression in the proton yields, stemming mainly from a reduced feeddown from $\Delta$ resonances because of the threshold effects. A significantly improved agreement of thermal model with hadron yields measured in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}} = 2.76$ TeV by the ALICE collaboration is obtained in the eBW scheme at $T \simeq 155$ MeV, indicating a possible resolution of the so-called 'proton anomaly'. The results obtained show that there are significant systematic uncertainties in the thermal model due to the modeling of broad resonances.
years
2026 2representative citing papers
A three-parameter crossover equation of state reproduces lattice QCD thermodynamics and places the hadron-to-parton switching temperature at ~216 MeV, implying hadrons remain important up to ~250 MeV.
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Canonical statistical hadronization with local baryon conservation for higher-order cumulants
Local baryon conservation in a canonical ensemble drives net-proton κ6/κ2 to small or negative values in restricted acceptance, establishing a baseline that must be subtracted before interpreting signals of chiral criticality.
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Hadronic and partonic composition of QCD matter across the crossover
A three-parameter crossover equation of state reproduces lattice QCD thermodynamics and places the hadron-to-parton switching temperature at ~216 MeV, implying hadrons remain important up to ~250 MeV.