A review showing that symmetric instantons reduce to hyperbolic monopoles and vortices whose dilute gas yields an area law for the Wilson loop, giving a semi-classical, holographic picture of quark confinement.
Vortices on Hyperbolic Surfaces
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abstract
It is shown that abelian Higgs vortices on a hyperbolic surface $M$ can be constructed geometrically from holomorphic maps $f:M \to N$, where $N$ is also a hyperbolic surface. The fields depend on $f$ and on the metrics of $M$ and $N$. The vortex centres are the ramification points, where the derivative of $f$ vanishes. The magnitude of the Higgs field measures the extent to which $f$ is locally an isometry. Witten's construction of vortices on the hyperbolic plane is rederived, and new examples of vortices on compact surfaces and on hyperbolic surfaces of revolution are obtained. The interpretation of these solutions as SO(3)-invariant, self-dual SU(2) Yang--Mills fields on $\R^4$ is also given.
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Quark confinement consistent with holography due to hyperbolic magnetic monopoles and hyperbolic vortices unifiedly reduced from symmetric instantons
A review showing that symmetric instantons reduce to hyperbolic monopoles and vortices whose dilute gas yields an area law for the Wilson loop, giving a semi-classical, holographic picture of quark confinement.