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Non -invertible Condensation, Duality, and Triality Defects in 3+1 Dimensions

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21 Pith papers citing it
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abstract

We discuss a variety of codimension-one, non-invertible topological defects in general 3+1d QFTs with a discrete one-form global symmetry. These include condensation defects from higher gauging of the one-form symmetries on a codimension-one manifold, each labeled by a discrete torsion class, and duality and triality defects from gauging in half of spacetime. The universal fusion rules between these non-invertible topological defects and the one-form symmetry surface defects are determined. Interestingly, the fusion coefficients are generally not numbers, but 2+1d TQFTs, such as invertible SPT phases, $\mathbb{Z}_N$ gauge theories, and $U(1)_N$ Chern-Simons theories. The associativity of these algebras over TQFT coefficients relies on nontrivial facts about 2+1d TQFTs. We further prove that some of these non-invertible symmetries are intrinsically incompatible with a trivially gapped phase, leading to nontrivial constraints on renormalization group flows. Duality and triality defects are realized in many familiar gauge theories, including free Maxwell theory, non-abelian gauge theories with orthogonal gauge groups, ${\cal N}=1,$ and ${\cal N}=4$ super Yang-Mills theories.

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representative citing papers

Half-Spacetime Gauging of 2-Group Symmetry in 3d

hep-th · 2026-05-07 · unverdicted · novelty 7.0 · 2 refs

Constructs non-invertible duality defects in (2+1)d QFTs from half-spacetime gauging of 2-group symmetries and derives explicit fusion rules with examples in U(1)^3 gauge theories.

Lattice chiral symmetry from bosons in 3+1d

hep-th · 2026-04-07 · unverdicted · novelty 7.0

A bosonic lattice model realizes exact chiral symmetry and its anomaly in 3+1d, with the continuum limit a compact boson theory with axion-like coupling.

Higher Gauging and Non-invertible Condensation Defects

hep-th · 2022-04-05 · unverdicted · novelty 7.0

Higher gauging of 1-form symmetries on surfaces in 2+1d QFT yields condensation defects whose fusion rules involve 1+1d TQFTs and realizes every 0-form symmetry in TQFTs.

The state/defect correspondence

hep-th · 2026-06-10 · unverdicted · novelty 6.0

Establishes a one-to-one correspondence between states and p-dimensional defects in higher-form Maxwell theories via an extended Kac-Moody algebra generated by conserved charges from mixed anomalies, mapping dressed Wilson-'t Hooft defects to squeezed energy eigenstates.

Generalized Families of QFTs

hep-th · 2026-02-09 · conditional · novelty 6.0

Broken higher-group and non-invertible symmetries still act on the space of couplings, and their 'family anomalies' force the infrared theory to be gapless, spontaneously broken, or interrupted by a phase transition.

Fusion of Integrable Defects and the Defect $g$-Function

hep-th · 2026-05-20 · unverdicted · novelty 5.0

Derives additivity and fusion rules for defect g-functions in integrable 2D QFT, with effective amplitudes for non-topological cases and lowered entropy contribution in Ising non-topological fusion.

Universalities of Defects in Quantum Field Theories

hep-th · 2026-05-20 · unverdicted · novelty 4.0

A dissertation synthesizing universal aspects of defect dynamics in QFT through symmetry principles across defect RG flows, effective strings, and quantum gas impurities.

ICTP Lectures on (Non-)Invertible Generalized Symmetries

hep-th · 2023-05-29 · accept · novelty 2.0

Lecture notes explain non-invertible generalized symmetries in QFTs as topological defects arising from stacking with TQFTs and gauging diagonal symmetries, plus their action on charges and the SymTFT framework.

Lectures on Generalized Symmetries

hep-th · 2023-07-14 · unverdicted · novelty 1.0

Lecture notes that systematically introduce higher-form symmetries, SymTFTs, higher-group symmetries, and related concepts in QFT using gauge theory examples.

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