Accounting for the minimal mass spread of primordial black holes from gravitational collapse suppresses the Poltergeist GW background to the level of generic scalar-induced signals and reopens ultra-light PBH parameter space.
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Observation of critical phenomena and self-similarity in the gravitational collapse of radiation fluid
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abstract
We observe critical phenomena in spherical collapse of radiation fluid. A sequence of spacetimes $\cal{S}[\eta]$ is numerically computed, containing models ($\eta\ll 1$) that adiabatically disperse and models ($\eta\gg 1$) that form a black hole. Near the critical point ($\eta_c$), evolutions develop a self-similar region within which collapse is balanced by a strong, inward-moving rarefaction wave that holds $m(r)/r$ constant as a function of a self-similar coordinate $\xi$. The self-similar solution is known and we show near-critical evolutions asymptotically approaching it. A critical exponent $\beta \simeq 0.36$ is found for supercritical ($\eta>\eta_c$) models.
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Numerical construction of a one-parameter family of discretely self-similar critical spacetimes for massless scalar collapse in continuous D>3, giving echoing period Delta(D) and Choptuik exponent gamma(D) with a maximum in Delta near D=3.76.
Shape dispersion around the average peak profile is a genuine statistical ingredient: rare deformed curvature profiles can dominate primordial black hole formation when the power spectrum is broad or non-Gaussianity is negative.
Hybrid inflation's waterfall tachyonic instability grows isocurvature modes that convert to curvature perturbations at the field-space turn, yielding a k^{3}-peaked spectrum with always-positive f_NL that enhances PBH formation.
Incorporating the general-relativity mass tail df_PBH/d ln M ∝ M^3.78 smooths PBH evaporation, suppresses the scalar-induced GW signal by orders of magnitude, and reopens the ultra-light PBH window for the hot Big Bang.
One-loop quantum vacuum polarization in Einstein-scalar critical collapse generates a horizon and finite mass gap, enforcing black hole formation even under arbitrary fine-tuning.
Semiclassical one-loop analysis of solvable near-critical collapse solutions shows quantum corrections selecting a Boulware-like state and producing a growing mode that yields a finite mass gap and a transition to Type I behavior, enforcing weak cosmic censorship.
Covariant analysis of curvature perturbations from first-order phase transitions reveals gauge-dependent overestimation of primordial black holes and gravitational waves in prior non-covariant calculations, leading to strong suppression of both signals.
Black hole populations with finite-width mass distributions exhibit universal late-time evaporation-driven evolution that produces characteristic power-law suppression of induced gravitational waves, directly linking the asymptotic GW spectrum to the evaporation law.
PBHs generated by axion inflation with gauge-field coupling can comprise all dark matter in the asteroidal mass range while producing a LISA-measurable stochastic GW background.
For tachyonic models with ζ=A(φ²−σ²), the PBH abundance is exponentially set by the correlation ρ between field and radial gradient; narrow spectra drive ρ→−1 and suppress PBH formation without killing the induced GW signal.
Bulk viscosity raises the critical collapse threshold for primordial black holes by an amount comparable to the viscosity strength and increases the resulting black hole masses.
Radiation capture by primordial black holes heavier than 10^15 solar masses modifies cosmic expansion enough for Planck CMB data to bound their abundance below 10 percent.
Primordial black holes in specific mass ranges could account for some or all dark matter while resolving structure-formation and seed problems in standard cosmology.
citing papers explorer
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Gravitational Waves from Black Hole Reheating: The Scalar-Induced Component
Accounting for the minimal mass spread of primordial black holes from gravitational collapse suppresses the Poltergeist GW background to the level of generic scalar-induced signals and reopens ultra-light PBH parameter space.
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Critical spacetime crystals in continuous dimensions
Numerical construction of a one-parameter family of discretely self-similar critical spacetimes for massless scalar collapse in continuous D>3, giving echoing period Delta(D) and Choptuik exponent gamma(D) with a maximum in Delta near D=3.76.
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The statistics of curvature-profile dispersion in primordial black hole formation
Shape dispersion around the average peak profile is a genuine statistical ingredient: rare deformed curvature profiles can dominate primordial black hole formation when the power spectrum is broad or non-Gaussianity is negative.
-
Superhorizon curvature perturbations in hybrid inflation revisited
Hybrid inflation's waterfall tachyonic instability grows isocurvature modes that convert to curvature perturbations at the field-space turn, yielding a k^{3}-peaked spectrum with always-positive f_NL that enhances PBH formation.
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Opening the Window of Ultra-Light PBHs by Exorcising the Poltergeist
Incorporating the general-relativity mass tail df_PBH/d ln M ∝ M^3.78 smooths PBH evaporation, suppresses the scalar-induced GW signal by orders of magnitude, and reopens the ultra-light PBH window for the hot Big Bang.
-
Quantum Critical Collapse Abhors a Naked Singularity
One-loop quantum vacuum polarization in Einstein-scalar critical collapse generates a horizon and finite mass gap, enforcing black hole formation even under arbitrary fine-tuning.
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Unveiling horizons in quantum critical collapse
Semiclassical one-loop analysis of solvable near-critical collapse solutions shows quantum corrections selecting a Boulware-like state and producing a growing mode that yields a finite mass gap and a transition to Type I behavior, enforcing weak cosmic censorship.
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Curvature Perturbations from First-Order Phase Transitions: Implications to Black Holes and Gravitational Waves
Covariant analysis of curvature perturbations from first-order phase transitions reveals gauge-dependent overestimation of primordial black holes and gravitational waves in prior non-covariant calculations, leading to strong suppression of both signals.
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Universal Suppression of Gravitational Waves from Black Hole Evaporation Dynamics
Black hole populations with finite-width mass distributions exhibit universal late-time evaporation-driven evolution that produces characteristic power-law suppression of induced gravitational waves, directly linking the asymptotic GW spectrum to the evaporation law.
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Primordial black hole dark matter from axion inflation
PBHs generated by axion inflation with gauge-field coupling can comprise all dark matter in the asteroidal mass range while producing a LISA-measurable stochastic GW background.
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Purely quadratic non-Gaussianity from tachyonic instability: Primordial black holes and scalar-induced gravitational waves
For tachyonic models with ζ=A(φ²−σ²), the PBH abundance is exponentially set by the correlation ρ between field and radial gradient; narrow spectra drive ρ→−1 and suppress PBH formation without killing the induced GW signal.
-
Primordial black hole formation in bulk-viscous cosmology
Bulk viscosity raises the critical collapse threshold for primordial black holes by an amount comparable to the viscosity strength and increases the resulting black hole masses.
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CMB Bounds on Primordial Black Holes via Radiation Capture
Radiation capture by primordial black holes heavier than 10^15 solar masses modifies cosmic expansion enough for Planck CMB data to bound their abundance below 10 percent.
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Primordial Black Holes as Dark Matter: Recent Developments
Primordial black holes in specific mass ranges could account for some or all dark matter while resolving structure-formation and seed problems in standard cosmology.
- Saturation Equations of State in Critical Gravitational Collapse: The Primordial Black Hole Threshold