Zee models are classified under non-invertible Z_M symmetries; viable candidates are identified from data consistency, and a Z_7 benchmark yields numerical predictions for neutrino parameters and CLFV rates.
A theoretical account of tiny multi-Higgs vacuum expectation values from non-invertible symmetry
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abstract
We propose a novel mechanism to explain the naturally small vacuum expectation values (VEVs) of exotic multi-Higgs fields by employing non-invertible symmetries. Specifically, we introduce an $SU(2)_L$ quartet $H_4$ and a quintet $H_5$ within the framework of the minimal Fibonacci fusion rule (FFR). This non-invertible symmetry strictly forbids the generation of tree-level VEVs for these exotic fields. However, once the symmetry is broken, these VEVs are generated radiatively at the one-loop level.This mechanism is highly minimal, as it requires no additional loop-inducing particles. We demonstrate that for various benchmark energy scales, the resulting VEVs are naturally suppressed to the order of $10^{-3}-10^{-2}$ GeV, satisfying experimental constraints from the $\rho$ parameter. Finally, we illustrate the phenomenological viability of this setup by applying it to three representative neutrino mass models: the type-III seesaw, the Dirac neutrino seesaw, and the inverse seesaw mechanisms.
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hep-ph 1years
2026 1verdicts
UNVERDICTED 1representative citing papers
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Zee models with a non-invertible $Z_M$ symmetry
Zee models are classified under non-invertible Z_M symmetries; viable candidates are identified from data consistency, and a Z_7 benchmark yields numerical predictions for neutrino parameters and CLFV rates.