Numerical models of fast radiation-mediated shocks and planar shock breakout show that including bound-free and bound-bound opacities from solar-composition heavy elements maintains local thermal equilibrium to higher velocities and reduces breakout emission temperatures by factors of two to ten.
Discovery of a gamma-ray burst with an associated supernova
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abstract
We report the discovery of the nearby long, soft GRB 100316D, and the subsequent unveiling of its host galaxy and associated supernova. We study the extremely unusual prompt emission with time-resolved gamma-ray to X-ray spectroscopy and find that a thermal component in addition to the synchrotron spectrum is required. The host galaxy is a bright, blue galaxy with a highly disturbed morphology. From optical photometry and spectroscopy we provide an accurate astrometry and redshift, and derive the key host properties of star formation rate and stellar age. We compare our findings for this GRB-SN with the well known previous case of GRB 060218. GRB 100316D is an important addition to the current sparse sample of spectroscopically confirmed GRB-SNe, from which a better understanding of long GRB progenitors and the GRB-SN connection can be gleaned.
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Radiation Mediated Shock and Planar Shock Breakout in the Presence of Atomic Transition Lines
Numerical models of fast radiation-mediated shocks and planar shock breakout show that including bound-free and bound-bound opacities from solar-composition heavy elements maintains local thermal equilibrium to higher velocities and reduces breakout emission temperatures by factors of two to ten.