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On the Sample Complexity of End-to-end Training vs. Semantic Abstraction Training

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abstract

We compare the end-to-end training approach to a modular approach in which a system is decomposed into semantically meaningful components. We focus on the sample complexity aspect, in the regime where an extremely high accuracy is necessary, as is the case in autonomous driving applications. We demonstrate cases in which the number of training examples required by the end-to-end approach is exponentially larger than the number of examples required by the semantic abstraction approach.

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2025 1

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  • Deep sequence models tend to memorize geometrically; it is unclear why cs.LG · 2025-10-30 · unverdicted · none · ref 162 · internal anchor

    Deep sequence models develop geometric memory in embeddings that encodes novel global relationships, transforming l-fold composition tasks into 1-step navigation via a natural spectral bias connected to Node2Vec.