In a free fermion chain, the coarse-grained density distribution becomes almost uniform at sufficiently large typical times for any initial state with fixed macroscopic particle number, proving macroscopic irreversibility from unitary evolution.
Macroscopic Thermalization for Highly Degenerate Hamiltonians After Slight Perturbation.Journal of Statistical Physics, 192:109, 2025
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The paper establishes that typical states in a grand-canonical micro-canonical Hilbert subspace produce the grand-canonical density matrix and a GAP/Scrooge wave-function distribution for the subsystem.
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Macroscopic Irreversibility in Quantum Systems: Free Expansion in a Fermion Chain
In a free fermion chain, the coarse-grained density distribution becomes almost uniform at sufficiently large typical times for any initial state with fixed macroscopic particle number, proving macroscopic irreversibility from unitary evolution.
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Grand-Canonical Typicality
The paper establishes that typical states in a grand-canonical micro-canonical Hilbert subspace produce the grand-canonical density matrix and a GAP/Scrooge wave-function distribution for the subsystem.