Audit of ChatGPT, Copilot, Gemini and Perplexity finds ~16% of cited sources are AI-generated across 712 queries on politics, health and environment.
arXiv preprint arXiv:2509.19163 , year=
3 Pith papers cite this work. Polarity classification is still indexing.
3
Pith papers citing it
years
2026 3verdicts
UNVERDICTED 3representative citing papers
LLMs produce highly formulaic empathic replies that follow a shared tactic sequence matching most of their responses, while human replies are more diverse.
Users in r/isthisAI and r/RealOrAI employ 12 evolving strategies for AI detection that shift with model capabilities and online trends.
citing papers explorer
-
Synthetic Sources?: Auditing Generative Search Engine Citations for Evidence of AI-Generated Sources
Audit of ChatGPT, Copilot, Gemini and Perplexity finds ~16% of cited sources are AI-generated across 712 queries on politics, health and environment.
-
AI generates well-liked but templatic empathic responses
LLMs produce highly formulaic empathic replies that follow a shared tactic sequence matching most of their responses, while human replies are more diverse.
-
Is This AI? Longitudinal Analysis of Strategies Used for AI Detection on Two Subreddits
Users in r/isthisAI and r/RealOrAI employ 12 evolving strategies for AI detection that shift with model capabilities and online trends.