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Why Can GPT Learn In-Context? Language Models Secretly Perform Gradient Descent as Meta-Optimizers

3 Pith papers cite this work. Polarity classification is still indexing.

3 Pith papers citing it

fields

cs.CL 2 cs.LG 1

years

2026 3

verdicts

UNVERDICTED 3

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Self-Improving In-Context Learning

cs.CL · 2026-05-22 · unverdicted · novelty 7.0

A test-time zeroth-order optimization of prompt embeddings using a bounded self-supervised proxy from demonstration log-probabilities improves ICL accuracy and correlates with gains across tasks.

Instructions Shape Production of Language, not Processing

cs.CL · 2026-05-11 · unverdicted · novelty 6.0 · 2 refs

Instructions trigger a production-centered mechanism in language models, with task-specific information stable in input tokens but varying strongly in output tokens and correlating with behavior.

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