Broad-lined Type Ic supernovae are powered by magnetar engines, showing a universal ejecta-mass versus initial-spin correlation across stripped-envelope supernova types that supports a common progenitor framework.
XRF 241001A/SN 2024aiiq: A Faint Soft X-ray Transient Detected by SVOM with a Broad-Line Type Ic Supernova Revealed by JWST
2 Pith papers cite this work. Polarity classification is still indexing.
abstract
X-ray flashes (XRFs) are a type of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) with prompt emission predominantly below 30 keV poorly detected by previous missions. The advent of the SVOM mission, with its wide-field instrument ECLAIRs, provides a new way to detect soft X-ray transients such as XRFs. We present photometric and spectroscopic observations of XRF 241001A detected by SVOM, a soft, sub-luminous, and low-energetic burst located in a poorly populated region of the Amati relation. We investigate the origin of its faint, soft high-energy emission to assess its connection to the long GRB population. We analyze the SVOM/ECLAIRs prompt emission and model its afterglow emission from X-ray to-radio. We present JWST/NIRSpec and SVOM/VT observations of the associated supernova (SN 2024aiiq), which we model with an Arnett radioactive decay component and compare its properties with previously detected GRB/SNe. XRF 241001A is located at z = 0.573 and has a prompt emission dominated by photons below 20 keV with a duration of T90 = 3.14 seconds. Its spectrum can be modeled by non-thermal or thermal models, all pointing towards a low Epeak < 10 keV and Eiso ~ 8x10^49 erg. The X-ray-to-radio afterglow modeling favors an origin from a relativistic jet viewed on-axis. In the optical, XRF 241001A exhibits an early blue emission, similar to that detected in some fast X-ray transients and inconsistent with synchrotron emission. The JWST/NIRSpec observations firmly established its collapsar origin by revealing a SN Type Ic with broad lines, comparable to SN 1998bw and SN 2025kg-like events. XRF 241001A is a soft, low-luminosity collapsar event produced by a weak relativistic jet observed on-axis, supporting the view that part of the XRF population forms the low-energy tail of the long GRB population. It demonstrates the potential of SVOM/ECLAIRs to probe the soft regime of the high-energy transient population.
fields
astro-ph.HE 2years
2026 2verdicts
UNVERDICTED 2representative citing papers
ECLAIRs is the autonomous trigger and localization camera for high-energy transients on the SVOM satellite, with reported design details and early science performance through March 2025.
citing papers explorer
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Magnetar Engines in Broad-lined Type Ic Supernovae and a Unified Picture for Magnetar-powered Stripped-envelope Supernovae
Broad-lined Type Ic supernovae are powered by magnetar engines, showing a universal ejecta-mass versus initial-spin correlation across stripped-envelope supernova types that supports a common progenitor framework.
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ECLAIRs: the SVOM high-energy transient trigger camera
ECLAIRs is the autonomous trigger and localization camera for high-energy transients on the SVOM satellite, with reported design details and early science performance through March 2025.