Pentagonal SnTe-class nanowires with cationic twin planes are predicted to host two spatially separated helical Dirac modes, one at the core and one at the outer surface.
Fractionalization in Superconductor Josephson Junction Arrays Hinged by Quantum Spin Hall edges
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abstract
In this paper we study a novel superconductor-ferromagnet-superconductor (SC-FM-SC) Josephson junction array deposited on top of a two-dimensional quantum spin Hall (QSH) insulator. The existence of Majorana bound states at the interface between SC and FM gives rise to charge-e tunneling, in addition to the usual charge-2e Cooper pair tunneling, between neighboring superconductor islands. Moreover, because Majorana fermions encode the information of charge number parity, an exact Z_2 gauge structure naturally emerges and leads to many new insulating phases, including a deconfined phase where electrons fractionalize into charge-e bosons and topological defects. A new superconductor-insulator transition has also been found.
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One-dimensional Dirac modes in the core of a pentagonal topological crystalline insulator nanowire
Pentagonal SnTe-class nanowires with cationic twin planes are predicted to host two spatially separated helical Dirac modes, one at the core and one at the outer surface.