Audit of ChatGPT, Copilot, Gemini and Perplexity finds ~16% of cited sources are AI-generated across 712 queries on politics, health and environment.
arXiv preprint arXiv:2410.22349 , year=
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Google AI Overviews activate on 13.7% of queries overall and 64.7% of questions, cite more credible sources than standard results but omit key information in 11% of claims, and suppress clicks on over half of cited pages that carry ads.
A measurement study of 602 prompts across ChatGPT, Google AI Overview, and Perplexity finds that citation selection breadth and absorption depth diverge, with high-influence pages being longer, structured, and evidence-rich.
Attribution gradients consolidate citation evidence and enable incremental unfolding of secondary sources, leading to deeper engagement in a lab study of critical reading tasks for AI answers.
LLMs drop 39% in performance during multi-turn conversations due to premature assumptions and inability to recover from early errors.
citing papers explorer
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Synthetic Sources?: Auditing Generative Search Engine Citations for Evidence of AI-Generated Sources
Audit of ChatGPT, Copilot, Gemini and Perplexity finds ~16% of cited sources are AI-generated across 712 queries on politics, health and environment.
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Measuring Google AI Overviews: Activation, Source Quality, Claim Fidelity, and Publisher Impact
Google AI Overviews activate on 13.7% of queries overall and 64.7% of questions, cite more credible sources than standard results but omit key information in 11% of claims, and suppress clicks on over half of cited pages that carry ads.
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From Citation Selection to Citation Absorption: A Measurement Framework for Generative Engine Optimization Across AI Search Platforms
A measurement study of 602 prompts across ChatGPT, Google AI Overview, and Perplexity finds that citation selection breadth and absorption depth diverge, with high-influence pages being longer, structured, and evidence-rich.
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Attribution Gradients: Incrementally Unfolding Citations for Critical Examination of Attributed AI Answers
Attribution gradients consolidate citation evidence and enable incremental unfolding of secondary sources, leading to deeper engagement in a lab study of critical reading tasks for AI answers.
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LLMs Get Lost In Multi-Turn Conversation
LLMs drop 39% in performance during multi-turn conversations due to premature assumptions and inability to recover from early errors.