LMs systematically inflate expressed certainty during rewriting, affecting up to 75% of outputs with a 1.5-2x bias toward increasing rather than decreasing certainty, and the effect compounds over iterations.
Measuring Sentence-Level and Aspect-Level (Un)certainty in Science Communications
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From `May' to `Is': Certainty Distortion in Language Model Rewriting
LMs systematically inflate expressed certainty during rewriting, affecting up to 75% of outputs with a 1.5-2x bias toward increasing rather than decreasing certainty, and the effect compounds over iterations.