Ultraheavy nuclei have longer energy loss lengths at ≲300 EeV than lighter nuclei, allowing them to explain UHECRs above 100 EeV from sources like collapsars and neutron star mergers while predicting distinct shower maxima.
The Astrophysics of Ultrahigh Energy Cosmic Rays
8 Pith papers cite this work. Polarity classification is still indexing.
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abstract
The origin of the highest energy cosmic rays is still unknown. The discovery of their sources will reveal the workings of the most energetic astrophysical accelerators in the universe. Current observations show a spectrum consistent with an origin in extragalactic astrophysical sources. Candidate sources range from the birth of compact objects to explosions related to gamma-ray bursts or to events in active galaxies. We discuss the main effects of propagation from cosmologically distant sources including interactions with cosmic background radiation and magnetic fields. We examine possible acceleration mechanisms leading to a survey of candidate sources and their signatures. New questions arise from an observed hint of sky anisotropies and an unexpected evolution of composition indicators. Future observations may reach the necessary sensitivity to achieve charged particle astronomy and to observe ultrahigh energy photons and neutrinos, which will further illuminate the workings of the universe at these extreme energies. In addition to fostering a new understanding of high-energy astrophysical phenomena, the study of ultrahigh energy cosmic rays can constrain the structure of the Galactic and extragalactic magnetic fields as well as probe particle interactions at energies orders of magnitude higher than achieved in terrestrial accelerators.
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Relativistic outflows in accretion-induced collapse of white dwarfs are modeled as sources of UHECRs, contributing a few 10^43-10^45 erg Mpc^{-3} yr^{-1} assuming iron-like nuclei and sufficient event rates.
Magnetic reconnection enables higher energy extraction efficiency from singly-rotating five-dimensional Kerr black holes than from doubly-rotating ones and can exceed the Blandford-Znajek process in the single-rotation case.
Spatiotemporal analysis of Auger UHECR data reveals 5.8 sigma conditional post-trial association of 28 doublets with nearby radio galaxies, especially Fornax A, suggesting them as sources of heavy nuclei.
IceCube diffuse neutrino data constrains neutrino loss from new physics via energy conservation, yielding bounds that vary with attenuation energy dependence and source redshift assumptions while potentially affecting spectral index fits.
UHE neutrino flux is attenuated by DM scatterings in intergalactic and galactic media, enabling cross-section limits from events like KM3230213A under mild astrophysical assumptions.
BL Lacs remain consistent with UHECR observations while FSRQs are disfavoured by anisotropy and source density mismatches after propagation modeling.
POEMMA is a proposed NASA probe-class mission designed to observe ultra-high energy cosmic rays and cosmic neutrinos from space.
citing papers explorer
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Ultraheavy Ultrahigh-Energy Cosmic Rays
Ultraheavy nuclei have longer energy loss lengths at ≲300 EeV than lighter nuclei, allowing them to explain UHECRs above 100 EeV from sources like collapsars and neutron star mergers while predicting distinct shower maxima.
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Ultra high-energy cosmic rays from relativistic outflows in accretion induced collapse of white dwarfs
Relativistic outflows in accretion-induced collapse of white dwarfs are modeled as sources of UHECRs, contributing a few 10^43-10^45 erg Mpc^{-3} yr^{-1} assuming iron-like nuclei and sufficient event rates.
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Magnetic reconnection in five-dimensional Kerr black hole
Magnetic reconnection enables higher energy extraction efficiency from singly-rotating five-dimensional Kerr black holes than from doubly-rotating ones and can exceed the Blandford-Znajek process in the single-rotation case.
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UHECR doublets and their conditional association with nearby radio galaxies
Spatiotemporal analysis of Auger UHECR data reveals 5.8 sigma conditional post-trial association of 28 doublets with nearby radio galaxies, especially Fornax A, suggesting them as sources of heavy nuclei.
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Exploring neutrino loss with diffuse astrophysical neutrino fluxes
IceCube diffuse neutrino data constrains neutrino loss from new physics via energy conservation, yielding bounds that vary with attenuation energy dependence and source redshift assumptions while potentially affecting spectral index fits.
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Attenuation of the ultra-high-energy neutrino flux by dark matter scatterings
UHE neutrino flux is attenuated by DM scatterings in intergalactic and galactic media, enabling cross-section limits from events like KM3230213A under mild astrophysical assumptions.
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Study of Flat Spectrum Radio Quasars and BL Lacertae Objects as Sources of Diffusive Ultra High-Energy Cosmic Rays
BL Lacs remain consistent with UHECR observations while FSRQs are disfavoured by anisotropy and source density mismatches after propagation modeling.
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POEMMA (Probe of Extreme Multi-Messenger Astrophysics) design
POEMMA is a proposed NASA probe-class mission designed to observe ultra-high energy cosmic rays and cosmic neutrinos from space.