Mu-tau interchange symmetry in the lepton mixing matrix leads to a potential divergence when tracing individual muon and tau neutrino fractions from astrophysical sources, so that only their sum plus the electron fraction can be extracted in the exact symmetry limit.
Measuring Flavor Ratios of High-Energy Astrophysical Neutrinos
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abstract
We discuss the prospects for next generation neutrino telescopes, such as IceCube, to measure the flavor ratios of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos. The expected flavor ratios at the sources are $\phi_{\nu_e}:\phi_{\nu_{\mu}}:\phi_{\nu_{\tau}} = 1:2:0$, and neutrino oscillations quickly transform these to $1:1:1$. The flavor ratios can be deduced from the relative rates of showers ($\nu_e$ charged-current, most $\nu_\tau$ charged-current, and all flavors neutral-current), muon tracks ($\nu_\mu$ charged-current only), and tau lepton lollipops and double-bangs ($\nu_\tau$ charged-current only). The peak sensitivities for these interactions are at different neutrino energies, but the flavor ratios can be reliably connected by a reasonable measurement of the spectrum shape. Measurement of the astrophysical neutrino flavor ratios tests the assumed production mechanism and also provides a very long baseline test of a number of exotic scenarios, including neutrino decay, CPT violation, and small-$\delta m^2$ oscillations to sterile neutrinos.
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Ultra-high-energy tau neutrino detections at GRAND and POEMMA are projected to constrain Lorentz invariance violation parameters orders of magnitude more stringently than current lower-energy probes.
High-energy astrophysical neutrinos can constrain the running of neutrino mixing parameters with energy, with future multi-detector setups forecast to set strong bounds despite astrophysical uncertainties.
citing papers explorer
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Potential divergence in tracing $\mu$ and $\tau$ flavors of astrophysical neutrinos
Mu-tau interchange symmetry in the lepton mixing matrix leads to a potential divergence when tracing individual muon and tau neutrino fractions from astrophysical sources, so that only their sum plus the electron fraction can be extracted in the exact symmetry limit.
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Ultra-High-Energy Tau Neutrinos as Probes of Lorentz Invariance
Ultra-high-energy tau neutrino detections at GRAND and POEMMA are projected to constrain Lorentz invariance violation parameters orders of magnitude more stringently than current lower-energy probes.
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Astrophysical bounds on the high-energy evolution of neutrino mixing
High-energy astrophysical neutrinos can constrain the running of neutrino mixing parameters with energy, with future multi-detector setups forecast to set strong bounds despite astrophysical uncertainties.