Numerical simulations of equal-mass boson-star mergers reveal larger waveform deviations from black-hole binaries in late inspiral and merger, plus odd multipole excitations for certain scalar-field phases, with some signals degenerate until IMR consistency tests are applied.
Gravitational-Wave Data Analysis with High-Precision Numerical Relativity Simulations of Boson Star mergers
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abstract
Gravitational-wave signals detected to date are commonly interpreted under the paradigm that they originate from pairs of black holes or neutron stars. Here, we explore the alternative scenario of boson-star signals being present in the data stream. We perform accurate and long ($\sim 20$ orbits) numerical simulations of boson-star binaries and inject the resulting strain into LIGO noise. Our Bayesian inference reveals that some boson-star signals. are degenerate with current approximants, albeit with biased parameters, while others exhibit smoking-gun signatures leaving behind conspicuous residuals.
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background 4representative citing papers
A hierarchical analysis of 69 GWTC-3 black-hole merger candidates yields an effective compactness consistent with C=0.5 and no evidence for a low-compactness exotic population.
No GWTC-3 event robustly prefers a non-BBH merger morphology once low-frequency cutoffs are raised; apparent low-compactness modes are noise artifacts, with GW231123 left as an unresolved special case.
GW250114 data constrains GR deviations in merger amplitude to 10% and frequency to 4% at 90% CL, with first bounds on the (4,4) mode frequency at 6%.
Quartically self-interacting massive boson stars are stable only up to the first mass maximum; their head-on mergers yield a boson-star remnant, a black hole at contact, or two black holes formed before contact, with radiated energy varying non-monotonically at strong coupling.
Chain-like transients in boson star collisions are controlled by a timing window set by matching binary collision time to the isolated breathing clock rather than excitation level alone.
No evidence for a mass-scale dependent model deficiency is found in the highest-SNR GWTC-3 events.
Numerical simulations of black hole-boson star binaries show that scalar self-interactions can suppress tidal disruption while radiative efficiency depends on the chosen potential.
Using an existing numerical-relativity catalogue, the paper builds a branch-conditioned neural reconstruction model that infers boson-star merger outcomes from waveform morphology by comparing reconstruction quality across candidate hypotheses.
Numerical relativity solved the general-relativistic two-body problem in the mid-2000s, supplying the waveform models that enabled LIGO's first gravitational-wave detections.
citing papers explorer
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Lessons from binary dynamics of inspiralling equal-mass boson-star mergers
Numerical simulations of equal-mass boson-star mergers reveal larger waveform deviations from black-hole binaries in late inspiral and merger, plus odd multipole excitations for certain scalar-field phases, with some signals degenerate until IMR consistency tests are applied.
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Establishing Compactness as a Population Observable in Gravitational-Wave Astronomy
A hierarchical analysis of 69 GWTC-3 black-hole merger candidates yields an effective compactness consistent with C=0.5 and no evidence for a low-compactness exotic population.
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Compactness Inference in Gravitational-Wave Mergers with PhenomDECO: Catalog Benchmarks and Robustness Diagnostics
No GWTC-3 event robustly prefers a non-BBH merger morphology once low-frequency cutoffs are raised; apparent low-compactness modes are noise artifacts, with GW231123 left as an unresolved special case.
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Plunge-Merger-Ringdown Tests of General Relativity with GW250114
GW250114 data constrains GR deviations in merger amplitude to 10% and frequency to 4% at 90% CL, with first bounds on the (4,4) mode frequency at 6%.
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Massive boson stars: Stability and GW emission in head-on mergers
Quartically self-interacting massive boson stars are stable only up to the first mass maximum; their head-on mergers yield a boson-star remnant, a black hole at contact, or two black holes formed before contact, with radiated energy varying non-monotonically at strong coupling.
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Timing-Window Mechanism for Chain-Like Transients in Collisions of Radially Excited Boson Stars
Chain-like transients in boson star collisions are controlled by a timing window set by matching binary collision time to the isolated breathing clock rather than excitation level alone.
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Agnostically decoding gravitational wave model deficiencies in GWTC-3
No evidence for a mass-scale dependent model deficiency is found in the highest-SNR GWTC-3 events.
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Black Hole-Boson Star Binaries: Gravitational Wave Signals and Tidal Disruption
Numerical simulations of black hole-boson star binaries show that scalar self-interactions can suppress tidal disruption while radiative efficiency depends on the chosen potential.
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Massive boson stars: Waveform-based branch diagnosis with neural reconstruction
Using an existing numerical-relativity catalogue, the paper builds a branch-conditioned neural reconstruction model that infers boson-star merger outcomes from waveform morphology by comparing reconstruction quality across candidate hypotheses.
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The Era of Precision in Computational Models of Gravitational Waves
Numerical relativity solved the general-relativistic two-body problem in the mid-2000s, supplying the waveform models that enabled LIGO's first gravitational-wave detections.
- Boson star-black hole binaries: initial data and head-on collisions