The Paneitz operator in 4D belongs to extended mimetic gravity and is constrained by gravitational wave propagation speed.
On the recently proposed Mimetic Dark Matter
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abstract
Recently, an interesting gravitational model was proposed in order to mimic the effect of Dark Matter. Chamseddine and Mukhanov in the arXiv preprint 1308.5410 have separated the conformal mode of a physical metric in the form of a squared gradient of an auxiliary scalar field. Notably, the variational principle has given a more general equation of motion than that of purely Einsteinian relativity theory, with a possibility of reproducing an effective Dark Matter. In this short paper, we explain the nature of this phenomenon in terms of the class of functions on which the variation takes place. Then we give a more transparent equivalent formulation of the model without an auxiliary metric. Finally, we speculate a bit about possible extensions.
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Higher-derivative extension of dark matter yields an imperfect fluid that matches pressureless dust on homogeneous backgrounds but generates acceleration and vorticity to avoid caustic singularities in inhomogeneous cosmologies.
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Gravitational wave constraints on the Paneitz operator
The Paneitz operator in 4D belongs to extended mimetic gravity and is constrained by gravitational wave propagation speed.
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Imperfect dark matter with higher derivatives
Higher-derivative extension of dark matter yields an imperfect fluid that matches pressureless dust on homogeneous backgrounds but generates acceleration and vorticity to avoid caustic singularities in inhomogeneous cosmologies.