Beam-dump experiments for visibly decaying mediators hit an intrinsic sensitivity ceiling in the prompt-decay region that cannot be overcome by more data or better backgrounds, favoring compact portable setups.
Significant Excess of ElectronLike Events in the MiniBooNE Short-Baseline Neutrino Experiment
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The MiniBooNE experiment at Fermilab reports results from an analysis of $\nu_e$ appearance data from $12.84 \times 10^{20}$ protons on target in neutrino mode, an increase of approximately a factor of two over previously reported results. A $\nu_e$ charged-current quasielastic event excess of $381.2 \pm 85.2$ events ($4.5 \sigma$) is observed in the energy range $200<E_\nu^{QE}<1250$~MeV. Combining these data with the $\bar \nu_e$ appearance data from $11.27 \times 10^{20}$ protons on target in antineutrino mode, a total $\nu_e$ plus $\bar \nu_e$ charged-current quasielastic event excess of $460.5 \pm 99.0$ events ($4.7 \sigma$) is observed. If interpreted in a two-neutrino oscillation model, ${\nu}_{\mu} \rightarrow {\nu}_e$, the best oscillation fit to the excess has a probability of $21.1\%$, while the background-only fit has a $\chi^2$ probability of $6 \times 10^{-7}$ relative to the best fit. The MiniBooNE data are consistent in energy and magnitude with the excess of events reported by the Liquid Scintillator Neutrino Detector (LSND), and the significance of the combined LSND and MiniBooNE excesses is $6.0 \sigma$. A two-neutrino oscillation interpretation of the data would require at least four neutrino types and indicate physics beyond the three neutrino paradigm.Although the data are fit with a two-neutrino oscillation model, other models may provide better fits to the data.
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DAMSA proposes an ultra-short baseline accelerator experiment to detect short-lived dark sector messengers by overcoming the sensitivity ceiling of longer-baseline beam dump experiments through a compact detector design.
Final Planck CMB data confirms the flat 6-parameter ΛCDM model with Ω_c h² = 0.120 ± 0.001, Ω_b h² = 0.0224 ± 0.0001, n_s = 0.965 ± 0.004, τ = 0.054 ± 0.007, H_0 = 67.4 ± 0.5 km/s/Mpc, and no strong evidence for extensions.
A review summarizing the Hubble constant tension and proposed solutions from new physics that restore agreement between Planck CMB data and local H0 measurements within 1-2 sigma.
Neutrino masses are unlikely to share the Standard Model origin of other fermion masses, with the Weinberg effective Lagrangian providing the simplest beyond-Standard-Model mechanism for small Majorana masses.
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Neutrino Masses from the Point of View of Economy and Simplicity
Neutrino masses are unlikely to share the Standard Model origin of other fermion masses, with the Weinberg effective Lagrangian providing the simplest beyond-Standard-Model mechanism for small Majorana masses.