Using a light-front Hamiltonian with three-quark and three-quark-plus-gluon Fock sectors, the authors extract quark and gluon gravitational form factors and find a proton mass decomposition of 31.5% quark energy, 34.7% gluon field energy, 11.3% quark condensate, and 22.5% trace anomaly at 4 GeV^2.
Strong force fields and stabilities of the nucleon and singly heavy baryon $\Sigma_c$
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abstract
We investigate the strong force fields and stabilities of the nucleon and the singly heavy baryon $\Sigma_c$ within the framework of the chiral quark-soliton model. Having constructed the pion mean fields in the presence of the $N_c-1$ level quarks self-consistently, we are able to examine the gravitational form factors of $\Sigma_c$. We mainly focus in the present work on the stability conditions for both the nucleon and $\Sigma_c$ and discuss the strong force fields and their physical implications. We also present the results for the gravitational form factors and relevant observables, emphasising the difference between the nucleon and $\Sigma_c$.
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Proton Gravitational Structure and Mass Decomposition on the Light Front
Using a light-front Hamiltonian with three-quark and three-quark-plus-gluon Fock sectors, the authors extract quark and gluon gravitational form factors and find a proton mass decomposition of 31.5% quark energy, 34.7% gluon field energy, 11.3% quark condensate, and 22.5% trace anomaly at 4 GeV^2.