A non-linear sigma model maps surface-code decoding under coherent errors to distinct replica limits, exposing a thermal-metal phase for suboptimal decoders that is absent in optimal decoding.
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Non-linear Sigma Model for the Surface Code with Coherent Errors
A non-linear sigma model maps surface-code decoding under coherent errors to distinct replica limits, exposing a thermal-metal phase for suboptimal decoders that is absent in optimal decoding.