In a thermal state of gravitons at temperature T, metric fluctuations induce a Gaussian spread in the causal structure of a scalar field with Var(x²) = 16 G_N T t³ / 3 after vacuum subtraction.
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Accounting for the minimal mass spread of primordial black holes from gravitational collapse suppresses the Poltergeist GW background to the level of generic scalar-induced signals and reopens ultra-light PBH parameter space.
In the ADD extra-dimension model, microscopic primordial black holes undergo runaway accretion and grow to macroscopic scales, allowing them to comprise all dark matter with initial abundances as low as 10^{-44}.
Six-dimensional primordial black holes with memory burden effects can survive as light dark matter in a two-extra-dimension model at the 10 TeV scale, producing high-multiplicity thermal events at future colliders.
Supersymmetry with heavy particles above ~10^5 GeV enhances asteroid-mass PBH production via transient equation-of-state softening, allowing them to comprise all dark matter unlike in the Standard Model.
Derives gamma-ray upper limits on memory-burdened PBH dark matter abundance using graviton-photon conversion during recombination and merger-induced semiclassical evaporation, excluding mass windows 7.5e5-4.4e7 g and below 2.2e11 g under stated assumptions.
PBH masses near 10^3 kg allow Hawking evaporation to reheat the universe while Planckian remnants comprise all present-day DM without fine-tuning initial abundance, yielding testable GW signals.
Calculations indicate AMEGO-X could detect PBH transits within 0.1 AU while HAWC and LHAASO could observe explosions out to 0.1-0.5 pc, with future events at ~1000 AU potentially producing measurable electromagnetic signals unlike the 2023 KM3NeT neutrino candidate.
Combining regular black hole metrics with memory burden suppresses evaporation and opens a 10^6-10^8 g PBH mass window that can comprise all dark matter.
Memory-burden backreaction deforms the Hawking spectrum to suppress its high-energy tail, lowering total luminosity and neutrino flux by a factor set by a single suppression parameter and thereby relaxing IceCube bounds on primordial black hole dark matter.
Noncommutative spacetime shifts the collapsing shell proportionally to outgoing Hawking mode momentum, invalidating standard robustness arguments and causing radiation to decay exponentially after scrambling for exponentially long black hole evaporation.
Hawking radiation terminates around the scrambling time due to trans-Planckian stringy effects in GUP and string-field-theory-inspired toy models, yielding negligible evaporation and a mostly classical black hole.
citing papers explorer
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Microscopic primordial black holes as macroscopic dark matter from large extra dimensions
In the ADD extra-dimension model, microscopic primordial black holes undergo runaway accretion and grow to macroscopic scales, allowing them to comprise all dark matter with initial abundances as low as 10^{-44}.
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Memory burden effect of regular primordial black holes
Combining regular black hole metrics with memory burden suppresses evaporation and opens a 10^6-10^8 g PBH mass window that can comprise all dark matter.