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Color-Kinematics Duality for QCD Amplitudes

12 Pith papers cite this work. Polarity classification is still indexing.

12 Pith papers citing it
abstract

We show that color-kinematics duality is present in tree-level amplitudes of quantum chromodynamics with massive flavored quarks. Starting with the color structure of QCD, we work out a new color decomposition for n-point tree amplitudes in a reduced basis of primitive amplitudes. These primitives, with k quark-antiquark pairs and (n-2k) gluons, are taken in the (n-2)!/k! Melia basis, and are independent under the color-algebra Kleiss-Kuijf relations. This generalizes the color decomposition of Del Duca, Dixon, and Maltoni to an arbitrary number of quarks. The color coefficients in the new decomposition are given by compact expressions valid for arbitrary gauge group and representation. Considering the kinematic structure, we show through explicit calculations that color-kinematics duality holds for amplitudes with general configurations of gluons and massive quarks. The new (massive) amplitude relations that follow from the duality can be mapped to a well-defined subset of the familiar BCJ relations for gluons. They restrict the amplitude basis further down to (n-3)!(2k-2)/k! primitives, for two or more quark lines. We give a decomposition of the full amplitude in that basis. The presented results provide strong evidence that QCD obeys the color-kinematics duality, at least at tree level. The results are also applicable to supersymmetric and D-dimensional extensions of QCD.

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representative citing papers

Tree and $1$-loop fundamental BCJ relations from soft theorems

hep-th · 2023-05-08 · unverdicted · novelty 7.0

Derives the fundamental BCJ relation at tree level from soft theorems in bi-adjoint scalar theory, generalizes it to 1-loop integrands, and uses it to explain Adler zeros in other scalar theories.

A new recursion relation for tree-level NLSM amplitudes based on hidden zeros

hep-th · 2025-08-18 · unverdicted · novelty 6.0

A recursion for NLSM tree amplitudes based on hidden zeros reproduces the Adler zero, generates amplitudes from Tr(φ³) via δ-shift, expands them into bi-adjoint scalars, and claims these plus factorization uniquely determine all tree-level NLSM amplitudes.

Amplitudes in self-dual (higher-spin) theories

hep-th · 2026-04-27 · unverdicted · novelty 6.0

All self-dual theories with or without higher-spin fields possess nontrivial tree-level amplitudes in Kleinian or complex Minkowski kinematics, completing the celestial analogue of the higher-spin duality.

Tree Amplitudes with Charged Matter in Pure Gauge Theory

hep-th · 2026-04-20 · unverdicted · novelty 6.0

A new Mathematica package computes tree amplitudes with arbitrary gauge bosons and arbitrarily charged massless fermions by reducing distinct-flavor partial amplitudes to linear combinations of single-flavor supersymmetric Yang-Mills components.

Monte Carlo Event Generation with Continuous Normalizing Flows

hep-ph · 2026-04-03 · conditional · novelty 6.0

Continuous normalizing flows improve unweighting efficiency in Monte Carlo event generation for high-jet-multiplicity collider processes by factors up to 184, with wall-time gains of about ten when combined with coupling-layer flows.

Note on tree NLSM amplitudes and soft theorems

hep-th · 2023-06-16 · unverdicted · novelty 5.0

The paper constructs general tree NLSM amplitudes via an expanded formula enforced by Adler zero universality and derives the corresponding double soft factors.

Tree level amplitudes from soft theorems

hep-th · 2022-12-25 · unverdicted · novelty 5.0

Tree-level amplitudes for Yang-Mills-scalar, pure Yang-Mills, Einstein-Yang-Mills and gravitational theories are reconstructed from soft theorems, universality of soft factors and double copy, with explicit soft factors determined.

citing papers explorer

Showing 12 of 12 citing papers.

  • Tree and $1$-loop fundamental BCJ relations from soft theorems hep-th · 2023-05-08 · unverdicted · none · ref 51 · internal anchor

    Derives the fundamental BCJ relation at tree level from soft theorems in bi-adjoint scalar theory, generalizes it to 1-loop integrands, and uses it to explain Adler zeros in other scalar theories.

  • A new recursion relation for tree-level NLSM amplitudes based on hidden zeros hep-th · 2025-08-18 · unverdicted · none · ref 37 · internal anchor

    A recursion for NLSM tree amplitudes based on hidden zeros reproduces the Adler zero, generates amplitudes from Tr(φ³) via δ-shift, expands them into bi-adjoint scalars, and claims these plus factorization uniquely determine all tree-level NLSM amplitudes.

  • Constructing tree amplitudes of scalar EFT from double soft theorem hep-th · 2024-06-06 · unverdicted · none · ref 27 · internal anchor

    A method constructs tree amplitudes of scalar EFTs from the double soft theorem by determining the explicit double soft factor during the construction process.

  • Recursive construction for expansions of tree Yang-Mills amplitudes from soft theorem hep-th · 2023-11-06 · unverdicted · none · ref 7 · internal anchor

    A recursive construction expands tree YM amplitudes to YMS and BAS amplitudes from soft theorems while preserving gauge invariance at each step.

  • Amplitudes in self-dual (higher-spin) theories hep-th · 2026-04-27 · unverdicted · none · ref 85

    All self-dual theories with or without higher-spin fields possess nontrivial tree-level amplitudes in Kleinian or complex Minkowski kinematics, completing the celestial analogue of the higher-spin duality.

  • Tree Amplitudes with Charged Matter in Pure Gauge Theory hep-th · 2026-04-20 · unverdicted · none · ref 18

    A new Mathematica package computes tree amplitudes with arbitrary gauge bosons and arbitrarily charged massless fermions by reducing distinct-flavor partial amplitudes to linear combinations of single-flavor supersymmetric Yang-Mills components.

  • Monte Carlo Event Generation with Continuous Normalizing Flows hep-ph · 2026-04-03 · conditional · none · ref 56

    Continuous normalizing flows improve unweighting efficiency in Monte Carlo event generation for high-jet-multiplicity collider processes by factors up to 184, with wall-time gains of about ten when combined with coupling-layer flows.

  • New recursive construction for tree NLSM and SG amplitudes, and new understanding of enhanced Adler zero hep-th · 2023-10-24 · unverdicted · none · ref 26 · internal anchor

    Recursive construction of off-shell NLSM and SG tree amplitudes from bootstrapped low-point ones via universal soft behaviors, automatically producing enhanced Adler zeros on-shell.

  • Note on tree NLSM amplitudes and soft theorems hep-th · 2023-06-16 · unverdicted · none · ref 26 · internal anchor

    The paper constructs general tree NLSM amplitudes via an expanded formula enforced by Adler zero universality and derives the corresponding double soft factors.

  • Tree level amplitudes from soft theorems hep-th · 2022-12-25 · unverdicted · none · ref 49 · internal anchor

    Tree-level amplitudes for Yang-Mills-scalar, pure Yang-Mills, Einstein-Yang-Mills and gravitational theories are reconstructed from soft theorems, universality of soft factors and double copy, with explicit soft factors determined.

  • Towards tree Yang-Mills and Yang-Mills-scalar amplitudes with higher-derivative interactions hep-th · 2024-06-05 · unverdicted · none · ref 37 · internal anchor

    Extends soft-behavior approach to construct tree YM and YMS amplitudes with F^3 (and F^3+F^4) insertions as universal expansions, plus a conjectured general formula for higher-mass-dimension YM amplitudes from ordinary ones.

  • Expanding single trace YMS amplitudes with gauge invariant coefficients hep-th · 2023-06-26 · unverdicted · none · ref 5 · internal anchor

    A recursive expansion of single-trace YMS amplitudes is built from soft theorems; the result is gauge invariant, permutation symmetric, and equivalent to the Cheung-Mangan covariant color-kinematic duality construction.