Topology change in canonical JT gravity resolves the firewall paradox by making the connected two-interior branch dominate after Page time, with gravitational constraints annihilating the firewall branch and identifying horizon vacuum and early radiation purity as the same Dirac observable.
Black Hole Complementarity vs. Locality
4 Pith papers cite this work, alongside 212 external citations. Polarity classification is still indexing.
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abstract
The evaporation of a large mass black hole can be described throughout most of its lifetime by a low-energy effective theory defined on a suitably chosen set of smooth spacelike hypersurfaces. The conventional argument for information loss rests on the assumption that the effective theory is a local quantum field theory. We present evidence that this assumption fails in the context of string theory. The commutator of operators in light-front string theory, corresponding to certain low-energy observers on opposite sides of the event horizon, remains large even when these observers are spacelike separated by a macroscopic distance. This suggests that degrees of freedom inside a black hole should not be viewed as independent from those outside the event horizon. These nonlocal effects are only significant under extreme kinematic circumstances, such as in the high-redshift geometry of a black hole. Commutators of space-like separated operators corresponding to ordinary low-energy observers in Minkowski space are strongly suppressed in string theory.
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background 2representative citing papers
Hawking radiation of a large black hole terminates near the scrambling time under SFT-style nonlocal smearing, producing a macroscopic remnant instead of complete evaporation.
Hawking radiation terminates around the scrambling time due to trans-Planckian stringy effects in GUP and string-field-theory-inspired toy models, yielding negligible evaporation and a mostly classical black hole.
Noncommutative spacetime shifts the collapsing shell proportionally to outgoing Hawking mode momentum, invalidating standard robustness arguments and causing radiation to decay exponentially after scrambling for exponentially long black hole evaporation.
citing papers explorer
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Smooth horizons from topology change in canonical quantum gravity
Topology change in canonical JT gravity resolves the firewall paradox by making the connected two-interior branch dominate after Page time, with gravitational constraints annihilating the firewall branch and identifying horizon vacuum and early radiation purity as the same Dirac observable.
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Macroscopic Black-Hole Remnants in a Nonlocal Field Theory: Towards Hawking Radiation in SFT
Hawking radiation of a large black hole terminates near the scrambling time under SFT-style nonlocal smearing, producing a macroscopic remnant instead of complete evaporation.
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UV Effects and Short-Lived Hawking Radiation: Alternative Resolution of Information Paradox
Hawking radiation terminates around the scrambling time due to trans-Planckian stringy effects in GUP and string-field-theory-inspired toy models, yielding negligible evaporation and a mostly classical black hole.
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Exponentially Long Evaporation of Noncommutative Black Hole
Noncommutative spacetime shifts the collapsing shell proportionally to outgoing Hawking mode momentum, invalidating standard robustness arguments and causing radiation to decay exponentially after scrambling for exponentially long black hole evaporation.