On the stability and magnetic properties of surface nanobubbles in water

A model for gas nanobubbles is proposed in which their remarkable stability is explained as due to the presence of a qualitatively different form of water covering the nanobubble surface layer which leads to a reduction of the diffusion coefficient by a factor of 10^9. It is shown that this new form of water is created by the interaction between the electrons of water molecules with the zero point vacuum electromagnetic field. The model gives an estimate for the life time of surface nanobubbles, explains why they are not influenced by surfactants and predicts that they should exhibit nonlinear paramagnetism.