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arxiv: 1506.07834 · v2 · submitted 2015-06-25 · ⚛️ nucl-ex

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Measurement of higher cumulants of net-charge multiplicity distributions in Au+Au collisions at sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=7.7-200 GeV

A. Adare , S. Afanasiev , C. Aidala , N.N. Ajitanand , Y. Akiba , R. Akimoto , H. Al-Bataineh , J. Alexander
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H. Al-Ta'ani A. Angerami K. Aoki N. Apadula Y. Aramaki H. Asano E.C. Aschenauer E.T. Atomssa R. Averbeck T.C. Awes B. Azmoun V. Babintsev M. Bai G. Baksay L. Baksay B. Bannier K.N. Barish B. Bassalleck A.T. Basye S. Bathe V. Baublis C. Baumann S. Baumgart A. Bazilevsky S. Belikov R. Belmont R. Bennett A. Berdnikov Y. Berdnikov A.A. Bickley D. Black D.S. Blau J.S. Bok K. Boyle M.L. Brooks J. Bryslawskyj H. Buesching V. Bumazhnov G. Bunce S. Butsyk C.M. Camacho S. Campbell P. Castera C.-H. Chen C.Y. Chi M. Chiu I.J. Choi J.B. Choi S. Choi R.K. Choudhury P. Christiansen T. Chujo P. Chung O. Chvala V. Cianciolo Z. Citron B.A. Cole M. Connors P. Constantin N. Cronin N. Crossette M. Csan\'ad T. Cs\"org\H{o} T. Dahms S. Dairaku I. Danchev K. Das A. Datta M.S. Daugherity G. David K. Dehmelt A. Denisov A. Deshpande E.J. Desmond K.V. Dharmawardane O. Dietzsch L. Ding A. Dion J.H. Do M. Donadelli L. D'Orazio O. Drapier A. Drees K.A. Drees J.M. Durham A. Durum D. Dutta S. Edwards Y.V. Efremenko F. Ellinghaus T. Engelmore A. Enokizono H. En'yo S. Esumi K.O. Eyser B. Fadem D.E. Fields M. Finger Jr. F. Fleuret S.L. Fokin Z. Fraenkel J.E. Frantz A. Franz A.D. Frawley K. Fujiwara Y. Fukao T. Fusayasu K. Gainey C. Gal P. Garg A. Garishvili I. Garishvili F. Giordano A. Glenn H. Gong X. Gong M. Gonin Y. Goto R. Granier de Cassagnac N. Grau S.V. Greene M. Grosse Perdekamp Y. Gu T. Gunji L. Guo H.-{\AA}. Gustafsson T. Hachiya J.S. Haggerty K.I. Hahn H. Hamagaki J. Hamblen R. Han J. Hanks E.P. Hartouni K. Hashimoto E. Haslum R. Hayano S. Hayashi X. He M. Heffner T.K. Hemmick T. Hester J.C. Hill M. Hohlmann R.S. Hollis W. Holzmann K. Homma B. Hong T. Horaguchi Y. Hori D. Hornback S. Huang T. Ichihara R. Ichimiya J. Ide H. Iinuma Y. Ikeda K. Imai Y. Imazu J. Imrek M. Inaba A. Iordanova D. Isenhower M. Ishihara A. Isinhue T. Isobe M. Issah A. Isupov D. Ivanishchev B.V. Jacak M. Javani J. Jia X. Jiang J. Jin B.M. Johnson K.S. Joo D. Jouan D.S. Jumper F. Kajihara S. Kametani N. Kamihara J. Kamin S. Kaneti B.H. Kang J.H. Kang J.S. Kang J. Kapustinsky K. Karatsu M. Kasai D. Kawall M. Kawashima A.V. Kazantsev T. Kempel J.A. Key P.K. Khandai A. Khanzadeev K.M. Kijima B.I. Kim C. Kim D.H. Kim D.J. Kim E. Kim E.-J. Kim H.J. Kim K.-B. Kim S.H. Kim Y.-J. Kim Y.K. Kim E. Kinney K. Kiriluk \'A. Kiss E. Kistenev J. Klatsky D. Kleinjan P. Kline L. Kochenda Y. Komatsu B. Komkov M. Konno J. Koster D. Kotchetkov D. Kotov A. Kozlov A. Kr\'al A. Kravitz F. Krizek G.J. Kunde K. Kurita M. Kurosawa Y. Kwon G.S. Kyle R. Lacey Y.S. Lai J.G. Lajoie A. Lebedev B. Lee D.M. Lee J. Lee K. Lee K.B. Lee K.S. Lee S.H. Lee S.R. Lee M.J. Leitch M.A.L. Leite M. Leitgab E. Leitner B. Lenzi B. Lewis X. Li P. Liebing S.H. Lim L.A. Linden Levy T. Li\v{s}ka A. Litvinenko H. Liu M.X. Liu B. Love R. Luechtenborg D. Lynch C.F. Maguire Y.I. Makdisi M. Makek A. Malakhov M.D. Malik A. Manion V.I. Manko E. Mannel Y. Mao T. Maruyama H. Masui S. Masumoto F. Matathias M. McCumber P.L. McGaughey D. McGlinchey C. McKinney N. Means A. Meles M. Mendoza B. Meredith Y. Miake T. Mibe J. Midori A.C. Mignerey P. Mike\v{s} K. Miki A. Milov D.K. Mishra M. Mishra J.T. Mitchell Y. Miyachi S. Miyasaka A.K. Mohanty S. Mohapatra H.J. Moon Y. Morino A. Morreale D.P. Morrison M. Moskowitz S. Motschwiller T.V. Moukhanova T. Murakami J. Murata A. Mwai T. Nagae S. Nagamiya J.L. Nagle M. Naglis M.I. Nagy I. Nakagawa Y. Nakamiya K.R. Nakamura T. Nakamura K. Nakano C. Nattrass A. Nederlof P.K. Netrakanti J. Newby M. Nguyen M. Nihashi T. Niida R. Nouicer N. Novitzky A. Nukariya A.S. Nyanin H. Obayashi E. O'Brien S.X. Oda C.A. Ogilvie M. Oka K. Okada Y. Onuki A. Oskarsson M. Ouchida K. Ozawa R. Pak V. Pantuev V. Papavassiliou B.H. Park I.H. Park J. Park S. Park S.K. Park W.J. Park S.F. Pate L. Patel H. Pei J.-C. Peng H. Pereira D.V. Perepelitsa V. Peresedov D.Yu. Peressounko R. Petti C. Pinkenburg R.P. Pisani M. Proissl M.L. Purschke A.K. Purwar H. Qu J. Rak A. Rakotozafindrabe I. Ravinovich K.F. Read K. Reygers D. Reynolds V. Riabov Y. Riabov E. Richardson N. Riveli D. Roach G. Roche S.D. Rolnick M. Rosati C.A. Rosen S.S.E. Rosendahl P. Rosnet P. Rukoyatkin P. Ru\v{z}i\v{c}ka M.S. Ryu B. Sahlmueller N. Saito T. Sakaguchi K. Sakashita H. Sako V. Samsonov M. Sano S. Sano M. Sarsour S. Sato T. Sato S. Sawada K. Sedgwick J. Seele R. Seidl A.Yu. Semenov A. Sen R. Seto P. Sett D. Sharma I. Shein T.-A. Shibata K. Shigaki M. Shimomura K. Shoji P. Shukla A. Sickles C.L. Silva D. Silvermyr C. Silvestre K.S. Sim B.K. Singh C.P. Singh V. Singh M. Skolnik M. Slune\v{c}ka S. Solano R.A. Soltz W.E. Sondheim S.P. Sorensen I.V. Sourikova N.A. Sparks P.W. Stankus P. Steinberg E. Stenlund M. Stepanov A. Ster S.P. Stoll T. Sugitate A. Sukhanov J. Sun J. Sziklai E.M. Takagui A. Takahara A. Taketani R. Tanabe Y. Tanaka S. Taneja K. Tanida M.J. Tannenbaum S. Tarafdar A. Taranenko P. Tarj\'an E. Tennant H. Themann T.L. Thomas T. Todoroki M. Togawa A. Toia L. Tom\'a\v{s}ek M. Tom\'a\v{s}ek H. Torii R.S. Towell I. Tserruya Y. Tsuchimoto T. Tsuji C. Vale H. Valle H.W. van Hecke M. Vargyas E. Vazquez-Zambrano A. Veicht J. Velkovska R. V\'ertesi A.A. Vinogradov M. Virius B. Voas A. Vossen V. Vrba E. Vznuzdaev X.R. Wang D. Watanabe K. Watanabe Y. Watanabe Y.S. Watanabe F. Wei R. Wei J. Wessels S. Whitaker S.N. White D. Winter S. Wolin J.P. Wood C.L. Woody R.M. Wright M. Wysocki B. Xia W. Xie Y.L. Yamaguchi K. Yamaura R. Yang A. Yanovich J. Ying S. Yokkaichi Z. You G.R. Young I. Younus I.E. Yushmanov W.A. Zajc A. Zelenski C. Zhang S. Zhou L. Zolin
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keywords cumulantsdistributionsenergymeasurednet-chargeratioschemicalcollisions
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We report the measurement of cumulants ($C_n, n=1\ldots4$) of the net-charge distributions measured within pseudorapidity ($|\eta|<0.35$) in Au$+$Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=7.7-200$ GeV with the PHENIX experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. The ratios of cumulants (e.g. $C_1/C_2$, $C_3/C_1$) of the net-charge distributions, which can be related to volume independent susceptibility ratios, are studied as a function of centrality and energy. These quantities are important to understand the quantum-chromodynamics phase diagram and possible existence of a critical end point. The measured values are very well described by expectation from negative binomial distributions. We do not observe any nonmonotonic behavior in the ratios of the cumulants as a function of collision energy. The measured values of $C_1/C_2 = \mu/\sigma^2$ and $C_3/C_1 = S\sigma^3/\mu$ can be directly compared to lattice quantum-chromodynamics calculations and thus allow extraction of both the chemical freeze-out temperature and the baryon chemical potential at each center-of-mass energy.

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