Geometry-dependent spectra and coherent-transient measurement of nearly degenerate four-wave mixing using two-photon resonance

We study nearly degenerate four-wave mixing using a two-photon-allowed vibrational transition of parahydrogen. A signal photon is generated by a trigger photon and coherence among parahydrogen, which is prepared by two counterpropagating pump pulses. The dependence of the signal pulse energy on the trigger frequency are investigated. The measured spectra vary depending on the geometry. They shift depending on the direction of the signal pulse and on the small angle formed by the counterpropagating pump pulses. Furthermore, the dependence of signal pulse energy on the incident time of the trigger pulse is investigated. The measured signal pulse energy is high if the trigger pulse is slightly delayed with respect to the pump pulses. We demonstrate that these geometry-dependent spectra and coherent-transient response can be explained by using simple models.