Demonstrating SIMA-Play: A Serious Game for Forest Management Decision-Making through Board Game and Digital Simulation

Aaron Petty; Arka Majhi; Daniel Fern\'andez Galeote; Heli Peltola; Jari Vauhkonen; Juho Hamari; Timo Nummenmaa

arxiv: 2604.04904 · v1 · submitted 2026-04-06 · 💻 cs.HC · cs.CY

Demonstrating SIMA-Play: A Serious Game for Forest Management Decision-Making through Board Game and Digital Simulation

Arka Majhi , Daniel Fern\'andez Galeote , Timo Nummenmaa , Juho Hamari , Aaron Petty , Jari Vauhkonen , Heli Peltola This is my paper

Pith reviewed 2026-05-10 19:56 UTC · model grok-4.3

classification 💻 cs.HC cs.CY

keywords serious gamesforest managementsystems thinkinginformation visualizationdecision makingeducational gamessimulation

0 comments

The pith

SIMA-Play uses forest growth simulations and visualizations to help players understand trade-offs in forest management decisions.

A machine-rendered reading of the paper's core claim, the machinery that carries it, and where it could break.

The paper introduces SIMA-Play as a serious game that combines board-game mechanics with digital simulations of forest growth. Players make repeated management choices under shifting environmental and market conditions, then receive visual feedback on how those choices shape long-term economic and sustainability results. The design aims to support systems thinking by making the connections between short-term actions and multi-decade forest outcomes visible and discussable. A sympathetic reader would care because forestry decisions routinely span decades and involve competing goals, yet most educational tools do not let learners experience those trade-offs directly. The work closes by outlining a roadmap of future experiments and digital versions to test whether the game produces lasting gains in understanding.

Core claim

SIMA-Play enables players to simulate forest growth over time and compare performance across economic and sustainability outcomes through gameplay and information visualization, thereby supporting systems thinking and making the trade-offs in forestry practices easier to understand and discuss.

What carries the argument

The SIMA-Play serious game, which integrates forest growth simulation data into board-game and digital formats to provide visual feedback on player decisions at the end of play.

If this is right

Players can more readily compare and discuss alternative forest management strategies once outcomes are visualized.
Digital versions of the game could support larger or remote groups for wider educational reach.
Longitudinal studies could test whether repeated play leads to sustained improvements in real-world decision quality.
Future experiments can directly compare learning gains from SIMA-Play against traditional lectures or case studies.

Where Pith is reading between the lines

These are editorial extensions of the paper, not claims the author makes directly.

The same visualization-of-trade-offs approach could be adapted to other long-horizon resource problems such as fisheries or water allocation.
Adding live data feeds from actual forest inventories might increase transfer from game to field decisions.
Direct comparison of board-game versus fully digital versions could clarify which format better supports collaborative discussion.
Multiplayer extensions could surface negotiation dynamics that single-player versions leave implicit.

Load-bearing premise

The assumption that the chosen gameplay mechanics and visualizations will actually produce measurable gains in systems thinking or decision-making skill.

What would settle it

A controlled experiment that finds no measurable difference in systems-thinking or decision-quality scores between participants who play SIMA-Play and a matched control group given conventional forest-management instruction.

Figures

Figures reproduced from arXiv: 2604.04904 by Aaron Petty, Arka Majhi, Daniel Fern\'andez Galeote, Heli Peltola, Jari Vauhkonen, Juho Hamari, Timo Nummenmaa.

**Figure 1.** Figure 1: Game Board of SIMA-Play Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris), Norway spruce (Picea abies), and Silver birch (Betula pendula), for their distinct characteristics and resilience profiles. To make forest composition tangible, we use colored thumbtacks to represent trees. We use red pins for Scots pine, green pins for Norway spruce, and white pins for Silver birch. Each pin symbolises 400 trees, with a maximum plant… view at source ↗

**Figure 2.** Figure 2: Mockup of Interactive Data Visualization of Post [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p004_2.png] view at source ↗

read the original abstract

Board games have shown promise as educational tools, but their use in engaging learners with the complex, long-term trade-offs of forest management remains strikingly underdeveloped. Addressing this gap, we investigate how forest growth simulation data can inform decision-making through information visualization and gameplay mechanics. We designed a serious game, SIMA-Play, that enables players to make informed forest management decisions under dynamic environmental and market conditions, simulating forest growth over time and comparing player performance across economic and sustainability outcomes. By using visualization to give players feedback on their choices, at the end of the game, it supports systems thinking and makes the trade-offs in forestry practices easier to understand and discuss. The study concludes with a research roadmap that outlines future experiments, longitudinal studies, and digital versions of SIMA-Play to assess its long-term effects on learning and engagement.

Editorial analysis

A structured set of objections, weighed in public.

Desk editor's note, referee report, simulated authors' rebuttal, and a circularity audit. Tearing a paper down is the easy half of reading it; the pith above is the substance, this is the friction.

Desk Editor's Note private letter to a colleague

SIMA-Play is a clear design description of a board-plus-digital game using forest growth simulations, but the paper supplies no data to show it actually improves systems thinking or decision skills.

read the letter

This paper is mainly a design document for SIMA-Play. It combines a physical board game with digital simulations based on forest growth models so players can test management choices and see long-term economic and sustainability results through visualizations. That integration is the concrete new piece: it takes existing simulation tools and turns them into playable mechanics for exploring trade-offs over time. The description of how players handle dynamic conditions and compare outcomes is straightforward and practical. The roadmap for future longitudinal studies and digital versions also shows they have thought about how to move beyond the initial artifact. Those elements are useful for anyone who wants an example of blending board-game structure with data-driven feedback in an environmental domain. The central weakness is the absence of any evaluation. The text states that the visualizations support systems thinking and make trade-offs easier to discuss, yet it reports no user studies, pre/post measures, decision-quality metrics, or even pilot feedback. Without that, the educational benefit remains an untested design goal rather than a demonstrated outcome. The paper does not claim to have run those tests, so the gap is not hidden, but it does limit how far the work can be taken right now. This is the kind of paper that fits a serious-games or environmental-education reading group. Readers who build or adapt games for complex decision training could extract mechanics ideas from it. It deserves peer review because the artifact is specific and the domain application is reasonable; referees could usefully comment on the integration choices and help shape the evaluation plan before the authors run the studies they outline.

Referee Report

1 major / 0 minor

Summary. The manuscript presents the design of SIMA-Play, a serious game that integrates board-game mechanics with digital forest-growth simulations to let players make management decisions under varying environmental and market conditions. It describes gameplay elements, the use of visualizations to provide feedback on economic versus sustainability trade-offs, and concludes with a roadmap for future longitudinal studies and digital versions to assess effects on learning and engagement.

Significance. If subsequent user studies confirm that the visualization feedback and mechanics improve systems thinking and decision quality as hypothesized, the work would provide a useful concrete example of embedding long-term simulation data into interactive gameplay for sustainability education, potentially informing similar tools in other complex-systems domains.

major comments (1)

[Abstract] Abstract: the statement that visualization feedback 'supports systems thinking and makes the trade-offs in forestry practices easier to understand and discuss' is presented as an achieved result. The manuscript supplies only a design description and a future-research roadmap; it contains no user-study data, pre/post measures of systems thinking, decision-quality metrics, or comparative performance results. This claim should be rephrased as a hypothesis to be tested.

Simulated Author's Rebuttal

1 responses · 0 unresolved

We thank the referee for the constructive feedback on our design paper. We agree that the abstract overstates the current contributions and will revise it to accurately reflect the work as a description of the game design with a roadmap for future evaluation.

read point-by-point responses

Referee: [Abstract] Abstract: the statement that visualization feedback 'supports systems thinking and makes the trade-offs in forestry practices easier to understand and discuss' is presented as an achieved result. The manuscript supplies only a design description and a future-research roadmap; it contains no user-study data, pre/post measures of systems thinking, decision-quality metrics, or comparative performance results. This claim should be rephrased as a hypothesis to be tested.

Authors: We fully agree with this assessment. The manuscript presents the design of SIMA-Play and outlines planned longitudinal studies and digital versions to assess learning effects; it does not include any empirical data. We will revise the abstract to rephrase the relevant sentence as a design goal and hypothesis (e.g., 'The game is designed to support systems thinking through visualization feedback, with the aim of making trade-offs easier to understand and discuss, which we plan to evaluate in future user studies'). This change will be made in the next version of the manuscript. revision: yes

Circularity Check

0 steps flagged

No circularity: descriptive game-design paper with no derivation chain or fitted predictions

full rationale

The manuscript is a design description of SIMA-Play, outlining board-game mechanics, visualization feedback, and a future research roadmap. It states educational outcomes (support for systems thinking via visualization) as design goals and hypotheses for later longitudinal testing, not as results derived from equations, parameter fits, or self-citation chains. No load-bearing steps reduce to inputs by construction; the paper contains no mathematical derivations, uniqueness theorems, or renamed empirical patterns. The central claim is therefore an untested design assumption rather than a circular derivation.

Axiom & Free-Parameter Ledger

0 free parameters · 0 axioms · 0 invented entities

This is a design-and-demonstration paper with no quantitative models, fitted parameters, or mathematical derivations; therefore the ledger contains no entries.

pith-pipeline@v0.9.0 · 5472 in / 1109 out tokens · 57517 ms · 2026-05-10T19:56:42.386143+00:00 · methodology

discussion (0)

Lean theorems connected to this paper

Citations machine-checked in the Pith Canon. Every link opens the source theorem in the public Lean library.

IndisputableMonolith/Foundation/RealityFromDistinction.lean reality_from_one_distinction unclear

?

unclear
Relation between the paper passage and the cited Recognition theorem.

By using visualization to give players feedback on their choices, at the end of the game, it supports systems thinking and makes the trade-offs in forestry practices easier to understand and discuss.
IndisputableMonolith/Cost/FunctionalEquation.lean washburn_uniqueness_aczel unclear

?

unclear
Relation between the paper passage and the cited Recognition theorem.

SIMA-Play is a Eurogame-style, turn-based experiential learning tool... post-game use of IDV supports learning by allowing players to compare strategies

What do these tags mean?

matches: The paper's claim is directly supported by a theorem in the formal canon.
supports: The theorem supports part of the paper's argument, but the paper may add assumptions or extra steps.
extends: The paper goes beyond the formal theorem; the theorem is a base layer rather than the whole result.
uses: The paper appears to rely on the theorem as machinery.
contradicts: The paper's claim conflicts with a theorem or certificate in the canon.
unclear: Pith found a possible connection, but the passage is too broad, indirect, or ambiguous to say the theorem truly supports the claim.

Reference graph

Works this paper leans on

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[1] [1]

Tarlan Ahmadov, Ayaz Karimov, Susanne Durst, Mirka Saarela, Wolfgang Gerstl- berger, Mike Franz Wahl, and Tommi Karkkainen. 2025. A two-phase systematic literature review on the use of serious games for sustainable environmental education. doi:10.1080/10494820.2024.2414429 Demonstrating SIMA-Play: Forest Management Decision-Making through Board Game and D...

work page doi:10.1080/10494820.2024.2414429 2025

[2] [2]

Uwe Arnold, Heinrich Söbke, and Maria Reichelt. 2019. Simcity in infras- tructure management education.Education Sciences9, 3 (2019). doi:10.3390/ educsci9030209

work page 2019

[3] [3]

Carolin Becklas and Sabine Baumann. 2023. Game Over for Climate Change? Communicating and Visualising Global Warming in Digital Games.English Literature10 (2023). doi:10.30687/EL/2420-823X/2023/10/003

work page doi:10.30687/el/2420-823x/2023/10/003 2023

[4] [4]

Paolo Buono and Angela Locoro. 2020. Modelling Data Visualization Interac- tions: From Semiotics to Pragmatics and Back to Humans. InACM International Conference Proceeding Series. doi:10.1145/3399715.3399903

work page doi:10.1145/3399715.3399903 2020

[5] [5]

Susan Charnley and Melissa R. Poe. 2007. Community forestry in theory and practice: Where are we now? doi:10.1146/annurev.anthro.35.081705.123143

work page doi:10.1146/annurev.anthro.35.081705.123143 2007

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2020.Global Forest Resources Assessment 2020

FAO. 2020.Global Forest Resources Assessment 2020. FAO. doi:10.4060/ca8753en

work page doi:10.4060/ca8753en 2020

[7] [7]

2007.Good Video Games and Good Learning: Collected Essays on Video Games, Learning and Literacy (New Literacies and Digital Epistemologies)

James Gee. 2007.Good Video Games and Good Learning: Collected Essays on Video Games, Learning and Literacy (New Literacies and Digital Epistemologies). Vol. 30

work page 2007

[8] [8]

Carolin Helbig, Anna Maria Becker, Torsten Masson, Abdelrhman Mohamdeen, Özgür Ozan Sen, and Uwe Schlink. 2022. A game engine based application for visualising and analysing environmental spatiotemporal mobile sensor data in an urban context.Frontiers in Environmental Science10 (2022). doi:10.3389/fenvs. 2022.952725

work page doi:10.3389/fenvs 2022

[9] [9]

Hullman and N

J. Hullman and N. Diakopoulos. 2011. Visualization Rhetoric: Framing Effects in Narrative Visualization.IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics17, 12 (12 2011), 2231–2240. doi:10.1109/TVCG.2011.255

work page doi:10.1109/tvcg.2011.255 2011

[10] [10]

2015.Decision Support for Forest Management

Annika Kangas, Mikko Kurttila, Teppo Hujala, Kyle Eyvindson, and Jyrki Kangas. 2015.Decision Support for Forest Management. Vol. 30. Springer International Publishing, Cham. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-23522-6

work page doi:10.1007/978-3-319-23522-6 2015

[11] [11]

Korhonen, and Harri Strandman

Seppo Kellomäki, Heli Peltola, Tuula Nuutinen, Kari T. Korhonen, and Harri Strandman. 2008. Sensitivity of managed boreal forests in Finland to climate change, with implications for adaptive management.Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences363, 1501 (2008). doi:10.1098/rstb.2007.2204

work page doi:10.1098/rstb.2007.2204 2008

[12] [12]

2015.Across the spectrum: Resources for environmental education(2 ed.)

Marianne Krasny and Martha Monroe. 2015.Across the spectrum: Resources for environmental education(2 ed.). http://eeingeorgia.org/Files/eewi/2016/ acrossthespectrum_su15_final_spreads.pdf

work page 2015

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Ana Lavalle, Alejandro Maté, Juan Trujillo, and Stefano Rizzi. 2019. Visualiza- tion requirements for business intelligence analytics: A goal-based, iterative framework. InProceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Requirements Engineering, Vol. 2019-September. doi:10.1109/RE.2019.00022

work page doi:10.1109/re.2019.00022 2019

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Martin Valdemar Anker Lindrup, Arjun Rajendran Menon, and Aksel Biørn- Hansen. 2023. Carbon Scales: Collective Sense-making of Carbon Emissions from Food Production through Physical Data Representation. doi:10.1145/3563657. 3596043

work page doi:10.1145/3563657 2023

[15] [15]

2005.Serious Games: Games That Educate, Train, and Inform

David R Michael and Sandra L Chen. 2005.Serious Games: Games That Educate, Train, and Inform. Muska & Lipman/Premier-Trade

work page 2005

[16] [16]

Peltola, V

H. Peltola, V. P. Ikonen, H. Gregow, H. Strandman, A. Kilpeläinen, A. Venäläinen, and S. Kellomäki. 2010. Impacts of climate change on timber production and regional risks of wind-induced damage to forests in Finland.Forest Ecology and Management260, 5 (2010). doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2010.06.001

work page doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2010.06.001 2010

[17] [17]

A Samuel Pottinger, Nivedita Biyani, Roland Geyer, Douglas J McCauley, Magali de Bruyn, Molly R Morse, Neil Nathan, Kevin Koy, and Ciera Martinez. 2023. Combining Game Design and Data Visualization to Inform Plastics Policy: Foster- ing Collaboration between Science, Decision-Makers, and Artificial Intelligence. (12 2023). http://arxiv.org/abs/2312.11359

work page arXiv 2023

[18] [18]

Powley, Craig Anslow, Mairéad De Róiste, and Stuart Marshall

Benjamin T. Powley, Craig Anslow, Mairéad De Róiste, and Stuart Marshall. 2023. Immersive visualization for ecosystem services analysis. InProceedings of the ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology, VRST. doi:10.1145/ 3611659.3617197

work page arXiv 2023

[19] [19]

Puettmann, K

Klaus J. Puettmann, K. David Coates, and Christian Messier. 2009. A Critique of Silviculture. Managing for Complexity.Environmental Conservation36, 2 (6 2009), 173–173. doi:10.1017/s0376892909990129

work page doi:10.1017/s0376892909990129 2009

[20] [20]

Martin Riopel, Lucian Nenciovici, Patrice Potvin, Pierre Chastenay, Patrick Char- land, Jérémie Blanchette Sarrasin, and Steve Masson. 2019. Impact of serious games on science learning achievement compared with more conventional in- struction: an overview and a meta-analysis.Studies in Science Education55, 2 (2019). doi:10.1080/03057267.2019.1722420

work page doi:10.1080/03057267.2019.1722420 2019

[21] [21]

Thomas Rist and Masood Masoodian. 2022. Interactive Map Visualizations for Supporting Environmental Sustainable Development Goals. InLecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), Vol. 13198 LNCS. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-98388- 8_4

work page doi:10.1007/978-3-030-98388- 2022

[22] [22]

Edward Segel and Jeffrey Heer. 2010. Narrative visualization: Telling stories with data.IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics16, 6 (2010). doi:10.1109/TVCG.2010.179

work page doi:10.1109/tvcg.2010.179 2010

[23] [23]

Babooshka Shavazipour, Dmitry Podkopaev, and Kaisa Miettinen. 2022. Inter- active decision support and trade-off analysis for sustainable forest landscape planning under deep uncertainty.Canadian Journal of Forest Research52, 11 (2022). doi:10.1139/cjfr-2022-0084

work page doi:10.1139/cjfr-2022-0084 2022

[24] [24]

2012.Eurogames : The Design, Culture and Play of Modern European Board Games

Stewart Woods. 2012.Eurogames : The Design, Culture and Play of Modern European Board Games. Number 3

work page 2012

[25] [25]

Simon Su, Edward Zhang, Paul Denny, and Nasser Giacaman. 2021. A Game-Based Approach for Teaching Algorithms and Data Structures using Visualizations. In SIGCSE 2021 - Proceedings of the 52nd ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education. doi:10.1145/3408877.3432520

work page doi:10.1145/3408877.3432520 2021

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