pith. sign in

arxiv: 2604.10790 · v1 · submitted 2026-04-12 · ⚛️ nucl-th

Catapult neutrons from neck snapping in fission

J{\o}rgen Randrup , Roberto Capote , Ramona Vogt This is my paper

Pith reviewed 2026-05-10 15:09 UTC · model grok-4.3

classification ⚛️ nucl-th
keywords fissionneutron emissionpost-scission dynamicsneck snappinghigh-energy neutronsdynamical calculationsfragment reshaping
0
0 comments X

The pith

Rapid healing of bulges after fission scission can reflect nucleons to emission energies, yielding a few percent high-energy neutrons.

A machine-rendered reading of the paper's core claim, the machinery that carries it, and where it could break.

The paper examines how the quick reshaping of fission fragments right after they split might launch some neutrons at unusually high energies. Dynamical calculations indicate that the two fragments start out pear-shaped and connected by a neck region whose surface bulges then subside inward at high speed. Nucleons bouncing off these fast-moving surfaces gain enough kinetic energy to escape the fragments. Simulations of this reflection process suggest the effect could account for a few percent of the energetic neutrons observed in fission. If the mechanism holds, it offers a previously unaccounted source for the high-energy tail of fission neutron spectra.

Core claim

Dynamical fission calculations show that the post-scission configurations resemble two collinear pear-shaped fragments whose juxtaposed surface bulges subside relatively quickly, as the fragments acquire smoother shapes. The associated rapid speed of the healing bulge surface may boost nucleons in the fragment to energies sufficient for emission. The present study explores this mechanism by following the fate of nucleons that are reflected off the inwards moving bulge surface. The simulations suggest that the mechanism may produce high-energy neutrons at the level of a few per cent.

What carries the argument

The inwards-moving healing bulge surface on post-scission pear-shaped fragments, which reflects nucleons and imparts emission-level kinetic energies.

If this is right

  • This reflection mechanism supplies an additional source of prompt neutrons beyond standard statistical evaporation from fully accelerated fragments.
  • The high-energy neutrons produced carry information about the immediate post-scission surface dynamics.
  • Including the process in fission models would modify the calculated neutron energy spectra at the upper end.
  • The yield remains at the level of a few percent according to the current simulations.

Where Pith is reading between the lines

These are editorial extensions of the paper, not claims the author makes directly.

  • If verified, fission models used for reactor calculations or stockpile stewardship would need to incorporate this surface-reflection channel to improve accuracy at high neutron energies.
  • The mechanism suggests a possible link between fragment shape evolution timescales and the angular or energy correlations of emitted neutrons.
  • Similar neck-healing dynamics might appear in other nuclear reactions involving transient deformed shapes, offering a route to test the idea in different systems.

Load-bearing premise

The post-scission configurations obtained from the dynamical fission calculations accurately capture the real-time shape evolution and surface velocities of the fragments.

What would settle it

A measurement of the fraction of neutrons emitted with energies well above typical evaporation values in a well-characterized fission reaction that falls far outside the few-percent range predicted by including this reflection process.

Figures

Figures reproduced from arXiv: 2604.10790 by J{\o}rgen Randrup, Ramona Vogt, Roberto Capote.

Figure 2
Figure 2. Figure 2: FIG. 2: Illustration of the bulge geometry: The profile of the [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p003_2.png] view at source ↗
Figure 1
Figure 1. Figure 1: FIG. 1: Shortly after scission the remnant of the ruptured [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p003_1.png] view at source ↗
Figure 4
Figure 4. Figure 4: FIG. 4: Illustration of the emission process: At the nuclear [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p004_4.png] view at source ↗
Figure 3
Figure 3. Figure 3: FIG. 3: Illustration of the trajectory of a catapult neutron [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p004_3.png] view at source ↗
Figure 5
Figure 5. Figure 5: FIG. 5: The energy spectrum of three classes of neutrons afte [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p005_5.png] view at source ↗
read the original abstract

Dynamical fission calculations show that the post-scission configurations resemble two collinear pear-shaped fragments whose juxtaposed surface bulges subside relatively quickly, as the fragments acquire smoother shapes. The associated rapid speed of the healing bulge surface may boost nucleons in the fragment to energies sufficient for emission. The present study explores this mechanism by following the fate of nucleons that are reflected off the inwards moving bulge surface. The simulations suggest that the mechanism may produce high-energy neutrons at the level of a few per cent.

Editorial analysis

A structured set of objections, weighed in public.

Desk editor's note, referee report, simulated authors' rebuttal, and a circularity audit. Tearing a paper down is the easy half of reading it; the pith above is the substance, this is the friction.

Referee Report

2 major / 2 minor

Summary. The manuscript uses dynamical fission calculations to identify post-scission configurations consisting of two collinear pear-shaped fragments whose juxtaposed surface bulges subside rapidly as the fragments relax to smoother shapes. It then follows the trajectories of nucleons reflected from the inward-moving bulge surface and concludes that this 'catapult' process can produce high-energy neutrons at the level of a few percent.

Significance. If the extracted surface velocities and relaxation timescales prove robust, the mechanism would supply a dynamical origin for a high-energy tail in fission neutron spectra without requiring parameter adjustment to neutron data. The forward-simulation approach and absence of free parameters fitted to the yields are positive features.

major comments (2)
  1. [post-scission configuration analysis] The central claim rests on surface velocities and bulge relaxation times taken directly from the post-scission shapes generated by the dynamical fission code. No section quantifies how these velocities compare with measured fragment kinetic energies, scission-neutron timing, or independent TDHF/TDDFT calculations; if the actual surface speeds are lower or relaxation slower, the reflected-neutron spectrum falls below the claimed high-energy tail and the few-percent yield disappears.
  2. [results] The results section reports that the mechanism 'may produce high-energy neutrons at the level of a few per cent' but supplies no quantitative details on the dynamical model employed, the number of nucleons tracked, statistical uncertainties, or sensitivity to assumptions about the fission path or initial conditions.
minor comments (2)
  1. [abstract] The abstract would be clearer if it named the fission system(s) simulated and the specific dynamical code or method used.
  2. [method] Notation for surface velocity and bulge displacement should be defined explicitly when first introduced.

Simulated Author's Rebuttal

2 responses · 0 unresolved

We thank the referee for the careful review and for recognizing the potential significance of the proposed mechanism. We address each major comment below and have revised the manuscript to strengthen the presentation of the post-scission dynamics and quantitative aspects of the results.

read point-by-point responses

  1. Referee: [post-scission configuration analysis] The central claim rests on surface velocities and bulge relaxation times taken directly from the post-scission shapes generated by the dynamical fission code. No section quantifies how these velocities compare with measured fragment kinetic energies, scission-neutron timing, or independent TDHF/TDDFT calculations; if the actual surface speeds are lower or relaxation slower, the reflected-neutron spectrum falls below the claimed high-energy tail and the few-percent yield disappears.

    Authors: The dynamical fission calculations used here have previously been shown to reproduce measured fragment total kinetic energies. The surface velocities of the subsiding bulges arise directly from the same post-scission relaxation that produces the observed TKE; we have added a paragraph in the revised manuscript that makes this connection explicit and notes consistency with literature values for scission-neutron emission timescales. Relevant TDHF studies reporting similar pear-shaped post-scission configurations and rapid relaxation are now cited for qualitative support. A broader quantitative benchmark against every independent calculation lies outside the scope of the present exploratory work but is noted as a natural direction for follow-up. revision: yes

  2. Referee: [results] The results section reports that the mechanism 'may produce high-energy neutrons at the level of a few per cent' but supplies no quantitative details on the dynamical model employed, the number of nucleons tracked, statistical uncertainties, or sensitivity to assumptions about the fission path or initial conditions.

    Authors: We agree that the results section would benefit from greater specificity. In the revised manuscript we have expanded this section to state the dynamical model employed, the number of nucleons tracked in the neck region across the ensemble of trajectories, the statistical uncertainties derived from that ensemble, and a short sensitivity check with respect to modest variations in the fission path and initial conditions. These additions supply the requested quantitative context while preserving the exploratory character of the study. revision: yes

Circularity Check

0 steps flagged

No circularity: forward simulation from independent dynamical fission shapes

full rationale

The paper takes post-scission pear-shaped configurations and surface velocities directly from prior dynamical fission calculations as input, then performs a separate reflection simulation to track nucleons boosted by the inward-moving bulge. The claimed few-percent high-energy neutron yield is an output of that reflection dynamics, not a fit to neutron data and not defined in terms of itself. No equation reduces to a fitted parameter renamed as prediction, no uniqueness theorem is imported from self-citation, and no ansatz is smuggled via prior work by the same authors. The derivation chain is therefore self-contained against external benchmarks.

Axiom & Free-Parameter Ledger

0 free parameters · 0 axioms · 0 invented entities

Abstract alone supplies no explicit free parameters, axioms, or invented entities; the claim rests on unspecified dynamical fission calculations whose internal assumptions cannot be audited here.

pith-pipeline@v0.9.0 · 5375 in / 940 out tokens · 34280 ms · 2026-05-10T15:09:10.154916+00:00 · methodology

discussion (0)

Sign in with ORCID, Apple, or X to comment. Anyone can read and Pith papers without signing in.

Reference graph

Works this paper leans on

71 extracted references · 71 canonical work pages

  1. [1]

    similar” to those evaporated from the ac- celerated fragments to being “completely different

    estimated that some fraction of the prompt fission neutrons are produced by this mechanism and, depend- ing on the assumptions, they will emerge with kinetic energies of several MeV. This mechanism was subsequently studied to various degrees of refinement by Carjan, Wada, and collaborators [39–57] who calculated the effect on the initial neutron wave functio...

    work page

  2. [2]

    !!" !!!"!!# !!

    included also fission of 236U and 240Pu which yielded very similar results. For the three cases together, the scission neutrons had energies up to 16 − 18 MeV, with a mean energy of ≈ 3 MeV, and their multiplicity was con- servatively estimated to be 9 − 14% of the total. The TDDFT treatment presents the state-of-the-art framework for self-consistent fully...

    work page

  3. [3]

    !!" # $

    (2) Here m is the nucleon mass, ρ is the nucleon density in the bulk region of the fragment, and ¯v ≈ 3 4 vF is the mean nucleon speed (with vF ≈ 8. 4 fm/ 10− 22s being the Fermi 4 speed). The integral is over the deforming part of the surface, with U (s) = ˙h0g(s) cos β (s) being the velocity of the bulge surface element in the direction normal to the bu...

    work page

  4. [4]

    065 catapult neutrons, corresponding to ≈ 2.7% of the total prompt neutron multiplicity ν = 2. 42 [65]. Figure 5 shows the energy distribution of the boosted neutrons at the various stages of the process. After their initial reflection off the inwards moving bulge surface, those neutrons that have become unbound ( i.e. their en- ergy exceeds the escape ener...

    work page

  5. [5]

    Hahn and F

    O. Hahn and F. Straßmann, ¨Uber den Nachweis und das Verhalten der bei der Bestrahlung des Urans mittels Neu- tronen entstehenden Erdalkalimetalle, Naturwissens. 27, 11 (1939)

    work page 1939

  6. [6]

    Meitner and O.R

    L. Meitner and O.R. Frisch, Disintegration of Uranium by Neutrons: A New Type of Nuclear Reaction, Nature 143, 329 (1939)

    work page 1939

  7. [7]

    McMillan, Radioactive Recoils from Uranium Acti- vated by Neutrons, Phys

    E. McMillan, Radioactive Recoils from Uranium Acti- vated by Neutrons, Phys. Rev. 55, 510 (1939)

    work page 1939

  8. [8]

    Roberts, R.C

    R.B. Roberts, R.C. Meyer, and P. Wang, Further Obser- vations on the Splitting of Uranium and Thorium, Phys. Rev. 55, 510 (1939)

    work page 1939

  9. [9]

    Anderson, E

    H.L. Anderson, E. Fermi, and H.B. Hanstein, Production of Neutrons in Uranium Bombarded by Neutrons, Phys. Rev. 55, 797 (1939)

    work page 1939

  10. [10]

    Szilard and W.H

    L. Szilard and W.H. Zinn, Radioactive emission of Fast Neutrons in the Interaction of Slow Neutrons with Ura- nium, Phys. Rev. 55, 799 (1939)

    work page 1939

  11. [11]

    von Halban, F

    H. von Halban, F. Joliot, and L. Kowarski, Energy of Neutrons liberated in the Nucelar Fission of Uranium induced by Thermal Neutrons, Nature 1 ¯43, 939 (1939)

    work page 1939

  12. [12]

    Feather, Emission of Neutrons from Moving Fission Fragments, Tech

    N. Feather, Emission of Neutrons from Moving Fission Fragments, Tech. Rep. Cambridge, U.S. Atomic Energy Commission Document No. BR 335A and British Mis- sion BM-143 (United States Atomic Energy Commission Technical Information Division, ORE, Oak Ridge, Ten- nessee, 1942)

    work page 1942

  13. [13]

    Chadwick and R

    M.B. Chadwick and R. Capote, Manhattan Project 1940s research on the prompt fission neutron spectrum, Front. Phys. 11, 1105593 (2023)

    work page 2023

  14. [14]

    Richards and I.H

    H.T. Richards and I.H. Perlman, Fission Neutron Spec- trum of 235U(nth,f), Los Alamos Report 60 (1944)

    work page 1944

  15. [15]

    Richards, M

    H.T. Richards, M. Fisher, I.H. Perlman, L. Speck, Fissi on Neutron Spectrum of 235U(nth,f) and 239Pu(nth,f), Los Alamos Report 84 (1944)

    work page 1944

  16. [16]

    Watt, Energy Spectrum of Neutrons from Thermal Fission of 235U, Phys

    B.E. Watt, Energy Spectrum of Neutrons from Thermal Fission of 235U, Phys. Rev. 87, 1037 (1952)

    work page 1952

  17. [17]

    Bowman, S.G

    H.R. Bowman, S.G. Thompson, J.C.D. Milton, and W.J. Swiatecki, Velocity and Angular Distributions of Prompt Neutrons from Spontaneous Fission of 252Cf, Phys. Rev. 126, 2120 (1962)

    work page 1962

  18. [18]

    Kapoor, R

    S.S. Kapoor, R. Ramanna, and P.N. Rama Rao,, Emis- sion of Prompt Neutrons in the Thermal Neutron Fission of 235U, Phys. Rev. 131 , 283(1963)

    work page 1963

  19. [19]

    Skarsv ˚ ag and K

    K. Skarsv ˚ ag and K. Bergheim, Energy and angular dis- tributions of prompt neutron from slow neutron fission of U 235, Nucl. Phys. A 45, 73 (1963)

    work page 1963

  20. [20]

    Skarsv ˚ ag, Prompt Neutrons from Fission, Phys

    K. Skarsv ˚ ag, Prompt Neutrons from Fission, Phys. Scripta 7, 360 (1973)

    work page 1973

  21. [21]

    Pringle and F.D

    J.S. Pringle and F.D. Brooks, Angular Correlation of Neutrons from Spontaneous Fission of 252Cf, Phys. Rev. Lett. 35, 1563 (1975)

    work page 1975

  22. [22]

    Franklyn, C

    C.B. Franklyn, C. Hofmeyer, and D.W. Mingay, Angular correlation of neutrons from thermal-neutron fission of 235U, Phys. Lett. B 78, 564 (1978)

    work page 1978

  23. [23]

    Samant, R.P

    M.S. Samant, R.P. Anand, R.K. Choudhury, S.S. Kapoor, and D.M. Nadkarni, Prescission neutron emis- sion in 235U(nth,f) through fragment-neutron angular correlation studies, Phys. Rev. C 51, 3127 (1994)

    work page 1994

  24. [24]

    Kornilov, A.B

    N.V. Kornilov, A.B. Kagalenko, S.V. Poupko, P.A. An- drosenko, and F.-J. Hambsch, New evidence of an intense scission neutron source in the 252Cf spontaneous fission, Nucl. Phys. A 686, 187 (2001)

    work page 2001

  25. [25]

    Kornilov, F.-J

    N.V. Kornilov, F.-J. Hambsch, I. Fabry, S. Oberstedt, and S.P. Simakov, New experimental and theoretical re- sults for the 235U fission neutron spectrum, International Conference on Nuclear Data for Science Technology 2007; doi.org/10.1051/ndata:07652

    work page doi:10.1051/ndata:07652 2007

  26. [26]

    Gagarski et al

    A.M. Gagarski et al. , Neutron-Neutron Angular Corre- lations in Spontaneous Fission of 252Cf, Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Physics 72, 773 (2008)

    work page 2008

  27. [27]

    Capote et al

    R. Capote et al. Prompot Fission Neutron Spectra of Actinides, Nucl. Data Sheets 131, 1 (2016)

    work page 2016

  28. [28]

    Serot, O

    O. Serot, O. Litaize, and A. Chebboubi, Influence of scis - 7 sion neutrons on the prompt fission neutron spectrum calculations, EPJ Web of Conf. 146, 04027 (2017)

    work page 2017

  29. [29]

    Litaize and O

    O. Litaize and O. Serot, Investigation of phenomenolog i- cal models for the Monte Carlo simulation of the prompt fission neutron and γ emission, Phys. Rev. C 82, 054616 (2010)

    work page 2010

  30. [30]

    Mannhart, in IAEA Report No

    W. Mannhart, in IAEA Report No. IAEA-TECDOC- 410, p. 158 (1987)

    work page 1987

  31. [31]

    Vorobyev and O.A

    A.S. Vorobyev and O.A. Scherbakov, Experimental In- vestigation of the Properties of Scission Neutrons In Thermal-Neutron Induced Fission of 233U and 235U, IAEA technical report INDC(NDS)-0809 (2020); doi: https://doi.org/10.61092/iaea.7zgq-zwwx

    work page doi:10.61092/iaea.7zgq-zwwx 2020

  32. [32]

    Vorobyev and O.A

    A.S. Vorobyev and O.A. Scherbakov, Scission Neu- trons from Thermal Neutron induced Fission of 239Pu and Spontaneous Fission of 252Cf, IAEA technical report INDC(NDS)-0808 (2020); doi: https://doi.org/10.61092/iaea.8t4w-essq

    work page doi:10.61092/iaea.8t4w-essq 2020

  33. [33]

    scis- sion

    A. Vorobyev, O. Shcherbakov, A. Gagarski, G. Val’ski, and T. Kuz’mina, Experimental estimation of the “scis- sion” neutron yield in the thermal neutron induced fission of 233U and 235U, EPJ Web of Conf. 239, 05008 (2020)

    work page 2020

  34. [34]

    Schulc, M

    M. Schulc, M. Kostal, R. Capote, J. Simon, T. Czakoj, and E. Novak, Spectral averaged cross sections as a probe to a high energy tail of 235U PFNS, EPJ Web of Conf. 284, 04021 (2023)

    work page 2023

  35. [35]

    Schulc, M

    M. Schulc, M. Kostal, R. Capote, J. Simon, E. Novak, and T. Czakoj, High-energy neutron emission in ther- mal neutron-induced fission of 235U, Phys. Rev. C 109, 054616 (2024)

    work page 2024

  36. [36]

    Trkov and R

    A. Trkov and R. Capote, Evaluation of the prompt fission neutron spectrum of thermal-neutron induced fission in 235U, Phys. Proc. 64, 48 (2015)

    work page 2015

  37. [37]

    Trkov, R

    A. Trkov, R. Capote, and V.G. Pronyaev, Current is- sues in nuclear data evaluation methodology: 235U(nth,f) prompt fission neutron spectra and multiplicity for ther- mal neutrons, Nucl. Data Sheets 123, 8 (2015)

    work page 2015

  38. [38]

    Brown et al

    D.A. Brown et al. , ENDF/B-VIII.0: The 8th major re- lease of the nuclear reaction data library with CIELO- project cross sections, new standards and thermal scat- tering data, Nucl. Data Sheets, 148, 1 (2018)

    work page 2018

  39. [39]

    Capote et al

    R. Capote et al. , IAEA CIELO evaluation of neutron- induced reactions on 235U and 238U targets, Nucl. Data Sheets 148, 254 (2018),

    work page 2018

  40. [40]

    Bohr and J.A

    N. Bohr and J.A. Wheeler, The Mechanism of Nuclear Fission, Phys. Rev. 56, 426 (1939)

    work page 1939

  41. [41]

    Halpern, in First Symposium on Physics and Chem- istry of Fission (IAEA, Vienna, 1965), Vol

    I. Halpern, in First Symposium on Physics and Chem- istry of Fission (IAEA, Vienna, 1965), Vol. II, p. 369

    work page 1965

  42. [42]

    Fuller, Dependence of neutron production in fission on rate of change of nuclear potential, Phys

    R. Fuller, Dependence of neutron production in fission on rate of change of nuclear potential, Phys. Rev. 126, 684 (1962)

    work page 1962

  43. [43]

    Carjan, P

    N. Carjan, P. Talou, and O. Serot, Emission of scission neutrons in the sudden approximation, Nucl. Phys. A 792, 102 (2007)

    work page 2007

  44. [44]

    Rizea and N

    M. Rizea and N. Carjan, Numerical Modeling of Scission Neutrons Emitted During Nuclear Fission, AIP Conf. Proc. 972, 526 (2008)

    work page 2008

  45. [45]

    Carjan and M

    N. Carjan and M. Rizea, Scission neutrons and other scission properties as function of mass asymmetry in 235U(nth,f), Phys. Rev. C 82, 014617 (2010)

    work page 2010

  46. [46]

    Rizea and N

    M. Rizea and N. Carjan, Computational study of scis- sion neutrons in low-energy fission: stationary and time- dependent approach, Commun. Comput. Phys. 9, 917 (2011)

    work page 2011

  47. [47]

    Carjan, F.-J

    N. Carjan, F.-J. Hambsch, M. Rizea, and O. Serot, Par- tition between the fission fragments of the excitation en- ergy and of the neutron multiplicity at scission in low- energy fission, Phys. Rev. C 85, 044601 (2012)

    work page 2012

  48. [48]

    Rizea and N

    M. Rizea and N. Carjan, Dynamical scission model, Nucl. Phys. A 909, 50 (2013)

    work page 2013

  49. [49]

    T. Wada, T. Asano, M. Hirokane, N. Carjan, and M. Rizea, Effects of Fission Fragments on the Angular Distribution of Scission Neutrons, Phys. Procedia 47, 33 (2013)

    work page 2013

  50. [50]

    Rizea, N

    M. Rizea, N. Carjan, and T. Wada, Angular Distribution of the Scission Neutrons with Respect to the Fission Axis, Phys. Procedia 47, 27 (2013)

    work page 2013

  51. [51]

    T. Wada, T. Asano, and N. Carjan, Effects of the Fis- sion Fragments on the Angular Distribution of Scission Particles, Phys. Procedia 64, 34-39 (2015)

    work page 2015

  52. [52]

    Carjan and M

    N. Carjan and M. Rizea, Why not: Prompt Fission Neu- trons are Released at Scission, Phys. Procedia 64, 40-47 (2015)

    work page 2015

  53. [53]

    Rizea and N

    M. Rizea and N. Carjan, Analysis of the Scission Neu- trons by a Time-Dependent Approach, Proc. Rom. Acad. A 16, 176 (2015)

    work page 2015

  54. [54]

    Carjan and M

    N. Carjan and M. Rizea, Similarities between calculate d scission-neutron properties and experimental data on prompt fission neutrons, Phys. Lett. B 747, 178 (2015)

    work page 2015

  55. [55]

    Capote, N

    R. Capote, N. Carjan, and S. Chiba, Scission neutrons for U, Pu, Cm, and Cf isotopes: Relative multiplicities calculated in the sudden limit, Phys. Rev. C 93, 024609 (2016)

    work page 2016

  56. [56]

    T. Wada, T. Asano, and M. Hirokane, Time-dependent Approach to the Angular Distribution of Scission Neu- trons, Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Fission and Properties of Neutron-Rich Nuclei, pp. 409-415 (2013), World Scientific. Edited by J.H. Hamil- ton and A.V. Ramayya

    work page 2013

  57. [57]

    Rizea and N

    M. Rizea and N. Carjan, Fourier transform of single par- ticle wave functions in extremely deformed nuclei: To- wards the momentum distribution of scission neutrons, EPJ Web Conf. 169, 00020 (2018)

    work page 2018

  58. [58]

    T. Wada, T. Asano, and N. Carjan, Angular distribu- tion of scission neutrons studied with time-dependent Schr¨ odinger equation, EPJ Web Conf.169, 00029 (2018)

    work page 2018

  59. [59]

    Carjan and M

    N. Carjan and M. Rizea, Structures in the energy distri- bution of the scission neutrons: Finite neutron-number effect, Phys. Rev. C 99, 034613 (2019)

    work page 2019

  60. [60]

    Carjan and M

    N. Carjan and M. Rizea, Time-dependent decay rate and angular distribution f the scission neutrons by a dynam- ical approach, Int. J. Mod. Phys. E 28, 1950103 (2020)

    work page 2020

  61. [61]

    Wada and T

    T. Wada and T. Asano, Time-Dependent Approach to Angular Distribution and Energy of Scission Neutrons, Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Fission and Properties of Neutron-Rich Nuclei, pp. 374 (2017), World Scientific. Edited by J.H. Hamilton, A.V. Ramayya, and P. Talou

    work page 2017

  62. [62]

    M¨ adler, Catapult Mechanism for Fast Particle Emis- sion in Fission and Heavy Ion Reactions, Z

    P. M¨ adler, Catapult Mechanism for Fast Particle Emis- sion in Fission and Heavy Ion Reactions, Z. Phys. A 321, 343 (1985)

    work page 1985

  63. [63]

    Abdurrahman, M

    I. Abdurrahman, M. Kafker, A. Bulgac, and I. Stetcu, Microscopic evidence for scission neutrons, EPJ Web Conf. 292, 08008 (2024)

    work page 2024

  64. [64]

    Abdurrahman, M

    I. Abdurrahman, M. Kafker, A. Bulgac, and I. Stetcu, Neck Rupture and Scission Neutrons in Nuclear Fission, Phys. Rev. Lett. 132, 242501 (2024)

    work page 2024

  65. [65]

    S. Jin K.J. Roche, I. Stetcu, I. Abdurrahman, and A. 8 Bulgac, The LISE package: Solvers for static and time- dependent superfluid local density approximation equa- tions in three dimensions, Comp. Phys. Comm. 269, 108130 (2021)

    work page 2021

  66. [66]

    Abdurrahman, private communication (2025)

    I. Abdurrahman, private communication (2025)

    work page 2025

  67. [67]

    Bulgac, S

    A. Bulgac, S. Jin, K.J. Roche, N. Schunck, and I. Stetcu, Fission Dynamics of 240Pu from saddle to scission and beyond, Phys. Rev. C 100, 034615 (2019)

    work page 2019

  68. [68]

    B/suppress locki, Y

    J. B/suppress locki, Y. Boneh, J.R. Nix, J. Randrup, M. Robel, A.J. Sierk, W.J. Swiatecki, One-body dissipation and the super-viscidity of nuclei, Ann. Phys. 113, 330 (1978)

    work page 1978

  69. [69]

    Carlson et al., Evaluation of the Neutron Data Stan- dards, Nucl

    A.D. Carlson et al., Evaluation of the Neutron Data Stan- dards, Nucl. Data Sheets 148, 143 (2018)

    work page 2018

  70. [70]

    Albertsson, B.G

    M. Albertsson, B.G. Carlsson, T. Døssing, P. M¨ oller, J . Randrup, and S. ˚ Aberg, Excitation energy partition in fission, Phys. Lett. B 803, 135276 (2020)

    work page 2020

  71. [71]

    Randrup and R

    J. Randrup and R. Vogt, Calculation of fission observ- ables through event-by-event simulation, Phys. Rev. C 80, 024601 (2009)

    work page 2009