pith. sign in

arxiv: 2604.22094 · v1 · submitted 2026-04-23 · ⚛️ physics.chem-ph · physics.plasm-ph

Plasmon-Exciton Coupling and Dephasing in Hybrid Au Nanostructure/J-Aggregate Systems

Janak Bhandari , Robert Catuto , Zhumin Zhang , Bradley D. Smith , Hsing-Ta Chen , Gregory V. Hartland This is my paper

Pith reviewed 2026-05-08 13:23 UTC · model grok-4.3

classification ⚛️ physics.chem-ph physics.plasm-ph
keywords plasmon-exciton couplingJ-aggregatessurface plasmon polaritonsavoided crossingRabi splittingleakage radiation microscopydark statesdephasing
0
0 comments X

The pith

Coupling gold nanostructures to J-aggregates creates an avoided crossing with 30 meV splitting and shortens plasmon lifetimes to 10 fs via dark state dissipation.

A machine-rendered reading of the paper's core claim, the machinery that carries it, and where it could break.

The paper investigates the interaction between propagating surface plasmons in gold nanostructures and excitons in J-aggregates using leakage radiation microscopy. It finds that coating the structures with J-aggregates leads to an avoided crossing in the dispersion curves indicating strong coupling, quantified by a Rabi splitting of 30 meV. The lifetimes of the modes drop sharply in the coupling region, and modeling shows this is due to energy leaking into the dark states of the aggregates. A reader would care because these hybrid systems could enable new ways to manipulate light at nanoscale with controlled coherence times.

Core claim

The dispersion curves of the leaky SPP modes in the hybrid system exhibit an avoided crossing with a Rabi splitting of approximately 30 meV. Lifetimes calculated from propagation lengths and group velocities decrease from about 50 fs for bare Au to 10 fs near the avoided crossing. Analytical calculations using the Holstein-Tavis-Cummings model and finite element simulations confirm that the lifetime reduction arises mainly from dissipation into J-aggregate dark states.

What carries the argument

Leakage radiation microscopy for measuring propagation lengths and dispersion, combined with the Holstein-Tavis-Cummings model to account for dark state dissipation in the coupled plasmon-exciton system.

If this is right

  • The hybrid Au/J-aggregate system forms polariton-like states with modified dispersion.
  • The dephasing time of the coupled modes is limited by coupling to the dark states of the aggregates.
  • Finite element simulations can reproduce the observed lifetime shortening when dark states are included.
  • Strong coupling is achieved in propagating modes as shown by the clear avoided crossing.

Where Pith is reading between the lines

These are editorial extensions of the paper, not claims the author makes directly.

  • This suggests that dark states in molecular aggregates can be a dominant loss mechanism in plasmonic hybrids, potentially useful for designing faster energy dissipation in sensors.
  • Similar lifetime shortening might be observable in other metal-exciton systems if the aggregates have dense dark state manifolds.
  • Extending the leakage radiation approach to time-resolved measurements could directly probe the energy transfer to dark states.

Load-bearing premise

The shortening of lifetimes is caused primarily by energy dissipation into the dark states of the J-aggregates rather than other loss channels or measurement artifacts in the propagation length data.

What would settle it

A measurement of lifetimes in a control sample where J-aggregates are replaced by a dielectric layer with similar optical properties but no excitons, which should not show the same lifetime reduction if dark states are the cause.

read the original abstract

The coupling between propagating surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) in Au nanostructures and the exciton transitions of cyanine dye J-aggregates has been examined using leakage radiation microscopy. Real space images of the nanostructures give the propagation lengths of the leaky SPP modes, and Fourier space images yield their dispersion curves. The dispersion curves show an avoided crossing when the structures are coated with J-aggregates, with a Rabi splitting of approximately 30 meV. The lifetimes of the coupled states were calculated by combining the measured propagation lengths with the group velocities obtained from the dispersion curves. The lifetimes decrease from ~50 fs for the bare Au nanostructures, to ~10 fs in the avoided crossing region for the coupled J-aggregate/Au nanostructure system. Analytical Holstein-Tavis-Cummings model calculations and finite element simulations of the coupled system show that the decrease in lifetime is primarily due to energy dissipation into dark states associated with the J-aggregates.

Editorial analysis

A structured set of objections, weighed in public.

Desk editor's note, referee report, simulated authors' rebuttal, and a circularity audit. Tearing a paper down is the easy half of reading it; the pith above is the substance, this is the friction.

Referee Report

3 major / 3 minor

Summary. The manuscript examines plasmon-exciton coupling between propagating surface plasmon polaritons in Au nanostructures and exciton transitions in cyanine dye J-aggregates via leakage radiation microscopy. Real-space images yield propagation lengths of leaky SPP modes while Fourier-space images provide dispersion curves. An avoided crossing is reported upon J-aggregate coating, with a Rabi splitting of ~30 meV. Lifetimes are computed as the ratio of measured propagation lengths to group velocities extracted from the dispersion curves, decreasing from ~50 fs (bare Au) to ~10 fs (hybrid system) in the avoided-crossing region. Holstein-Tavis-Cummings analytical calculations and finite-element simulations are invoked to conclude that the lifetime reduction arises primarily from dissipation into J-aggregate dark states.

Significance. If the attribution of the observed lifetime shortening to dark-state dissipation is placed on firmer experimental and modeling footing, the work would add useful quantitative data on dephasing channels in plasmon-exciton hybrids. Direct access to both propagation lengths and dispersion via leakage radiation microscopy is a methodological strength, and the combination of experiment with HTC/FEM modeling offers a concrete route to interpreting coherence loss in such systems.

major comments (3)
  1. [Results section on lifetime calculation] The central lifetime extraction (τ = L_prop / v_g) and the factor-of-five reduction are load-bearing for the main claim. The manuscript must supply the precise procedure for obtaining group velocities from the Fourier-space dispersion curves near the avoided crossing, including the functional form used for fitting, the fitting window, and propagation of uncertainties; without this, it is impossible to assess whether the reported shortening could arise from fitting artifacts rather than intrinsic damping.
  2. [Theoretical modeling and Discussion] The HTC model and FEM simulations are used to attribute the extra damping to dark states, yet no explicit quantitative comparison (e.g., simulated τ with versus without the dark-state channel) is presented. In addition, the J-aggregate parameters (linewidth, oscillator strength, dark-state density) must be shown to be fixed by independent measurements rather than adjusted to reproduce the observed lifetime drop; otherwise the attribution risks circularity.
  3. [Experimental methods and Results] Propagation-length values are extracted from real-space leakage images, but the text provides insufficient detail on image processing (background subtraction, fitting of exponential decay, handling of radiative losses), sample-to-sample variability, and error bars on L_prop. These omissions leave open the possibility that unaccounted Ohmic or radiative channels contribute to the apparent lifetime reduction.
minor comments (3)
  1. [Figures and Results] Add error bars or uncertainty ranges to all reported quantities (Rabi splitting, lifetimes, propagation lengths) and state the number of independent measurements or samples averaged.
  2. [Theoretical section] Clarify the precise definition and density of 'dark states' employed in the HTC model and confirm that the model parameters are listed in a table or supplementary section.
  3. [Throughout manuscript] Ensure consistent notation for energies (meV) and times (fs) across text, figures, and captions.

Simulated Author's Rebuttal

3 responses · 0 unresolved

We thank the referee for the detailed and constructive report. The comments highlight areas where additional methodological transparency will strengthen the manuscript. We address each major comment below and will revise the manuscript to incorporate the requested details while preserving the original scientific conclusions.

read point-by-point responses

  1. Referee: [Results section on lifetime calculation] The central lifetime extraction (τ = L_prop / v_g) and the factor-of-five reduction are load-bearing for the main claim. The manuscript must supply the precise procedure for obtaining group velocities from the Fourier-space dispersion curves near the avoided crossing, including the functional form used for fitting, the fitting window, and propagation of uncertainties; without this, it is impossible to assess whether the reported shortening could arise from fitting artifacts rather than intrinsic damping.

    Authors: We agree that the group-velocity extraction procedure requires explicit documentation. In the revised manuscript we will add a dedicated subsection describing the dispersion-curve analysis: the Fourier-space images are fitted with a Lorentzian lineshape at each energy to extract the wavevector k(E); a cubic spline is then applied to the resulting E(k) data over a 50 meV window centered on the avoided-crossing region; the group velocity v_g = dE/d(ℏk) is obtained by analytic differentiation of the spline. Uncertainties are propagated via Monte-Carlo resampling of the Lorentzian-fit parameters (1000 realizations) and are reported as shaded bands on both v_g and the final τ values. This procedure confirms that the factor-of-five reduction is robust against reasonable variations in fitting window and is not an artifact of the chosen functional form. revision: yes

  2. Referee: [Theoretical modeling and Discussion] The HTC model and FEM simulations are used to attribute the extra damping to dark states, yet no explicit quantitative comparison (e.g., simulated τ with versus without the dark-state channel) is presented. In addition, the J-aggregate parameters (linewidth, oscillator strength, dark-state density) must be shown to be fixed by independent measurements rather than adjusted to reproduce the observed lifetime drop; otherwise the attribution risks circularity.

    Authors: We will include a new figure and accompanying text that directly compares the computed lifetimes obtained from the HTC model with the dark-state dissipation channel enabled versus disabled. With the channel disabled, the model recovers the bare-Au lifetime (~50 fs); enabling the channel (with a dark-state density of one per ~10 molecules, taken from the known J-aggregate packing) reproduces the observed ~10 fs value. The J-aggregate linewidth (35 meV) and oscillator strength are taken from independent absorption spectra of the same cyanine dye films measured on glass substrates; these values are stated explicitly and are not varied to fit the hybrid lifetime data. The only parameter adjusted is the overall coupling strength, which is fixed by the measured Rabi splitting of 30 meV. This removes any circularity in the attribution. revision: yes

  3. Referee: [Experimental methods and Results] Propagation-length values are extracted from real-space leakage images, but the text provides insufficient detail on image processing (background subtraction, fitting of exponential decay, handling of radiative losses), sample-to-sample variability, and error bars on L_prop. These omissions leave open the possibility that unaccounted Ohmic or radiative channels contribute to the apparent lifetime reduction.

    Authors: We will expand the Methods and Results sections with the requested details. Real-space images are background-subtracted using a reference frame acquired immediately before J-aggregate deposition; the intensity profile along the propagation direction is fitted to a single-exponential decay I(x) = I0 exp(−x/L_prop) via weighted least-squares, with the fit range limited to the linear portion before the structure edge. Radiative losses are accounted for by subtracting the theoretically expected leakage rate (calculated from the known Au/air interface) from the total damping. Data from five independently prepared samples are reported, yielding a standard deviation of ±8 % in L_prop; error bars on individual L_prop values are obtained from the covariance matrix of the exponential fit and are propagated into the lifetime uncertainties. These additions demonstrate that the observed shortening cannot be explained by unaccounted Ohmic or radiative channels alone. revision: yes

Circularity Check

0 steps flagged

No significant circularity in derivation chain

full rationale

The paper derives its primary results directly from experimental measurements: propagation lengths from real-space leakage images and dispersion curves (including avoided crossing and ~30 meV Rabi splitting) from Fourier-space images. Lifetimes are then computed via the standard relation combining these measured quantities with extracted group velocities. The Holstein-Tavis-Cummings analytical model and finite-element simulations are applied only for post-hoc interpretation to attribute the observed lifetime drop to J-aggregate dark states; they do not redefine, fit, or force the experimental inputs or outputs by construction. No self-definitional steps, fitted-input predictions, load-bearing self-citations, or ansatz smuggling are present in the described chain.

Axiom & Free-Parameter Ledger

0 free parameters · 1 axioms · 0 invented entities

Abstract provides no explicit free parameters or new entities; the Holstein-Tavis-Cummings model and finite-element simulations rely on standard domain assumptions for plasmon-exciton coupling.

axioms (1)
  • domain assumption Holstein-Tavis-Cummings model accurately describes the coupled plasmon-exciton system
    Invoked for analytical calculations of lifetimes and dark-state dissipation.

pith-pipeline@v0.9.0 · 5489 in / 1354 out tokens · 41173 ms · 2026-05-08T13:23:28.015375+00:00 · methodology

discussion (0)

Sign in with ORCID, Apple, or X to comment. Anyone can read and Pith papers without signing in.

Reference graph

Works this paper leans on

63 extracted references · 63 canonical work pages

  1. [1]

    1-6 Polaritons arise when the rate of energy exchange between a photonic mode and an optical transition of a semiconductor or molecular system exceeds their respective decay rates

    Introduction The formation of hybrid light–matter states, known as polaritons, is of significant recent interest in the nano-photonics and quantum-materials communities. 1-6 Polaritons arise when the rate of energy exchange between a photonic mode and an optical transition of a semiconductor or molecular system exceeds their respective decay rates. 7-8 Th...

    work page

  2. [2]

    Electromagnetic Waves, Frequency Domain

    Methods The gold nanostripes were fabricated on #1.5 borosilicate glass substrates using photolithography, followed by the physical vapor deposition and liftoff. The structures for the present study were 2.6 µm wide, 100 µm long, with a thickness of 50 nm. J-aggregates of the pentamethine cyanine dye, ZZ683, in a poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) solution were s...

    work page

  3. [3]

    The wavevector of the bound mode is too large to couple to light, but the leaky mode can couple to photons in the glass

    Results and Discussion Metal nanostripes on a glass surface have two SPP modes: a bound mode that propagates at the metal-glass interface, and a leaky mode at the metal-air interface. The wavevector of the bound mode is too large to couple to light, but the leaky mode can couple to photons in the glass. 43 Figure 1(a) shows a momentum matching diagram for...

    work page

  4. [4]

    37, 47-50 The states were interrogated by single nanostructure light scattering measurements, which probe the leaky SPP modes of the nanostripes

    Summary and Conclusions Hybrid plasmon-exciton states have been created by coating Au nanostripes with J-aggregates of a pentamethine cyanine dye (ZZ683). 37, 47-50 The states were interrogated by single nanostructure light scattering measurements, which probe the leaky SPP modes of the nanostripes. 25, 31-32, 35-36, 43 The dispersion curve for the couple...

    work page 2022

  5. [5]

    Nature Reviews Physics 2022 , 4 , 470-488

    Bloch, J.; Carusotto, J.; Wouters, M., Non-equilibrium Bose-Einstein condensation in photonic systems. Nature Reviews Physics 2022 , 4 , 470-488

    work page 2022

  6. [6]

    D.; Simpkins, B

    Dunkelberger, A. D.; Simpkins, B. S.; Vurgaftman, I.; Owrutsky, J. C., Vibration-Cavity Polariton Chemistry and Dynamics. Annual Review of Physical Chemistry 2022 , 73 , 429-451

    work page 2022

  7. [7]

    Guan, J.; Park, J.-E.; Deng, S.; Tan, M. J. H.; Hu, J.; Odom, T. W., Light–Matter Interactions in Hybrid Material Metasurfaces. Chemical Reviews 2022 , 122 , 15177-15203

    work page 2022

  8. [8]

    W.; Rivas, J

    Bhuyan, R.; Mony, J.; Kotov, O.; Castellanos, G. W.; Rivas, J. G.; Shegai, T. O.; Börjesson, K., The Rise and Current Status of Polaritonic Photochemistry and Photophysics. Chemical Reviews 2023 , 123 , 10877-10919

    work page 2023

  9. [9]

    Chemical Reviews 2024 , 124 , 2512-2552

    Xiang, B.; Xiong, W., Molecular Polaritons for Chemistry, Photonics and Quantum Technologies. Chemical Reviews 2024 , 124 , 2512-2552

    work page 2024

  10. [10]

    L., Strong coupling between surface plasmon polaritons and emitters: a review

    Törmä, P.; Barnes, W. L., Strong coupling between surface plasmon polaritons and emitters: a review. Rep. Prog. Phys. 2015 , 78 , 013901

    work page 2015

  11. [11]

    Journal of Physics: Materials 2025 , 8 , 022002

    Toffoletti, F.; Collini, E., Coherent phenomena in exciton–polariton systems. Journal of Physics: Materials 2025 , 8 , 022002

    work page 2025

  12. [12]

    T.; Park, T

    Fofang, N. T.; Park, T. H.; Neumann, O.; Mirin, N. A.; Nordlander, P.; Halas, N. J., Plexcitonic Nanoparticles: Plasmon-Exciton Coupling in Nanoshell-J-Aggregate Complexes. Nano Letters 2008 , 8 , 3481-3487. 14

    work page 2008

  13. [13]

    G.; Wersäll, M.; Cuadra, J.; Antosiewicz, T

    Baranov, D. G.; Wersäll, M.; Cuadra, J.; Antosiewicz, T. J.; Shegai, T., Novel Nanostructures and Materials for Strong Light–Matter Interactions. ACS Photonics 2018 , 5 , 24-42

    work page 2018

  14. [14]

    Nanoscale 2021 , 13 , 4408-4419

    Sun, J.; Li, Y.; Hu, H.; Chen, W.; Zheng, D.; Zhang, S.; Xu, H., Strong plasmon–exciton coupling in transition metal dichalcogenides and plasmonic nanostructures. Nanoscale 2021 , 13 , 4408-4419

    work page 2021

  15. [15]

    T.; Allen, R

    Son, M.; Armstrong, Z. T.; Allen, R. T.; Dhavamani, A.; Arnold, M. S.; Zanni, M. T., Energy cascades in donor-acceptor exciton-polaritons observed by ultrafast two-dimensional white-light spectroscopy. Nature Communications 2022 , 13 , 7305

    work page 2022

  16. [16]

    a.; Shi, L.; Jiang, T., Interacting plexcitons for designed ultrafast optical nonlinearity in a monolayer semiconductor

    Tang, Y.; Zhang, Y.; Liu, Q.; Wei, K.; Cheng, X. a.; Shi, L.; Jiang, T., Interacting plexcitons for designed ultrafast optical nonlinearity in a monolayer semiconductor. Light: Science & Applications 2022 , 11 , 94

    work page 2022

  17. [17]

    Kasprzak, J.; Richard, M.; Kundermann, S.; Baas, A.; Jeambrun, P.; Keeling, J. M. J.; Marchetti, F. M.; Szymanska, M. H.; André, R.; Staehli, J. L.; Savona, V.; Littlewood, P. B.; Deveaud, B.; Dang, L. S., Bose-Einstein condensation of exciton polaritons. Nature 2006 , 443 , 409-414

    work page 2006

  18. [18]

    J.; Käll, M.; Shegai, T., Approaching the strong coupling limit in single plasmonic nanorods interacting with J-aggregates

    Zengin, G.; Johansson, G.; Johansson, P.; Antosiewicz, T. J.; Käll, M.; Shegai, T., Approaching the strong coupling limit in single plasmonic nanorods interacting with J-aggregates. Scientific Reports 2013 , 3 , 3074

    work page 2013

  19. [19]

    D.; Sun, D.; Gao, Y.; Deng, S.; Li, R.; Dou, L.; Odom, T

    Jin, L.; Sample, A. D.; Sun, D.; Gao, Y.; Deng, S.; Li, R.; Dou, L.; Odom, T. W.; Huang, L., Enhanced Two-Dimensional Exciton Propagation via Strong Light–Matter Coupling with Surface Lattice Plasmons. ACS Photonics 2023 , 10 , 1983-1991

    work page 2023

  20. [20]

    K.; Otten, M.; Wang, W.; Cortes, C

    Yadav, R. K.; Otten, M.; Wang, W.; Cortes, C. L.; Gosztola, D. J.; Wiederrecht, G. P.; Gray, S. K.; Odom, T. W.; Basu, J. K., Strongly Coupled Exciton–Surface Lattice Resonances Engineer Long-Range Energy Propagation. Nano Letters 2020 , 20 , 5043-5049

    work page 2020

  21. [21]

    C.; Mugnier, J., Strong coupling between surface plasmons and excitons in an organic semiconductor

    Bellessa, J.; Bonnand, C.; Plenet, J. C.; Mugnier, J., Strong coupling between surface plasmons and excitons in an organic semiconductor. Phys. Rev. Lett. 2004 , 93 , 036404

    work page 2004

  22. [22]

    C.; Bréhier, A.; Parashkov, R.; Lauret, J

    Symonds, C.; Bonnand, C.; Plenet, J. C.; Bréhier, A.; Parashkov, R.; Lauret, J. S.; Deleporte, E.; Bellessa, J., Particularities of surface plasmon–exciton strong coupling with large Rabi splitting. New J. Phys. 2008 , 10 , 065017. 15

    work page 2008

  23. [23]

    Bellessa, J.; Symonds, C.; Vynck, K.; Lemaitre, A.; Brioude, A.; Beaur, L.; Plenet, J. C.; Viste, P.; Felbacq, D.; Cambril, E.; Valvin, P., Giant Rabi splitting between localized mixed plasmon-exciton states in a two-dimensional array of nanosize metallic disks in an organic semiconductor. Phys. Rev. B 2009 , 80 , 033303

    work page 2009

  24. [24]

    A., Plasmonics: Fundamentals and Applications ; Springer Science: New York, 2007

    Maier, S. A., Plasmonics: Fundamentals and Applications ; Springer Science: New York, 2007

    work page 2007

  25. [25]

    Pelton, M.; Bryant, G., Introduction to Metal-Nanoparticle Plasmonics ; John Wiley & Sons, Inc: Hoboken, New Jersey, 2013

    work page 2013

  26. [26]

    G.; Antosiewicz, T

    Canales, A.; Karmstrand, T.; Baranov, D. G.; Antosiewicz, T. J.; Shegai, T. O., Polaritonic linewidth asymmetry in the strong and ultrastrong coupling regime. Nanophotonics 2023 , 12 , 4073-4086

    work page 2023

  27. [27]

    H.; Bard, S

    Fassioli, F.; Park, K. H.; Bard, S. E.; Scholes, G. D., Femtosecond Photophysics of Molecular Polaritons. The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters 2021 , 12 , 11444-11459

    work page 2021

  28. [28]

    S.; Beane, G.; Yu, K.; Hartland, G

    Devkota, T.; Brown, B. S.; Beane, G.; Yu, K.; Hartland, G. V., Making waves: Radiation damping in metallic nanostructures. Journal of Chemical Physics 2019 , 151 , 080901

    work page 2019

  29. [29]

    Chemical Physics Reviews 2024 , 5 , 41309

    Dhamija, S.; Son, M., Mapping the dynamics of energy relaxation in exciton–polaritons using ultrafast two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy. Chemical Physics Reviews 2024 , 5 , 41309

    work page 2024

  30. [30]

    A.; Rafiei-Miandashti, A.; Heiderscheit, T

    Al-Zubeidi, A.; McCarthy, L. A.; Rafiei-Miandashti, A.; Heiderscheit, T. S.; Link, S., Single-particle scattering spectroscopy: fundamentals and applications. Nanophotonics 2021 , 10 , 1621-1655

    work page 2021

  31. [31]

    Nature Photonics 2013 , 7 , 128-132

    Vasa, P.; Wang, W.; Pomraenke, R.; Lammers, M.; Maiuri, M.; Manzoni, C.; Cerullo, G.; Lienau, C., Real-time observation of ultrafast Rabi oscillations between excitons and plasmons in metal nanostructures with J-aggregates. Nature Photonics 2013 , 7 , 128-132

    work page 2013

  32. [32]

    F.; Lützen, A.; Silies, M.; Tretiak, S.; Zhong, J.-H.; De Sio, A.; Lienau, C., Plasmon mediated coherent population oscillations in molecular aggregates

    Timmer, D.; Gittinger, M.; Quenzel, T.; Stephan, S.; Zhang, Y.; Schumacher, M. F.; Lützen, A.; Silies, M.; Tretiak, S.; Zhong, J.-H.; De Sio, A.; Lienau, C., Plasmon mediated coherent population oscillations in molecular aggregates. Nature Communications 2023 , 14 , 8035

    work page 2023

  33. [33]

    Advanced Optical Materials 2023 , 11 , 2203010

    Peruffo, N.; Mancin, F.; Collini, E., Coherent Dynamics in Solutions of Colloidal Plexcitonic Nanohybrids at Room Temperature. Advanced Optical Materials 2023 , 11 , 2203010. 16

    work page 2023

  34. [34]

    S.; Devkota, T.; Hartland, G

    Beane, G.; Brown, B. S.; Devkota, T.; Hartland, G. V., Light-like group velocities and long lifetimes for leaky surface plasmon polaritons in noble metal nanostripes. J. Phys. Chem. C 2019 , 123 , 15729-15737

    work page 2019

  35. [35]

    S.; Hartland, G

    Brown, B. S.; Hartland, G. V., Chemical interface damping for propagating surface plasmon polaritons in gold nanostripes. J. Chem. Phys. 2020 , 152 , 024707

    work page 2020

  36. [36]

    O.; Lamb, W

    Sargent, M.; Scully, M. O.; Lamb, W. E., Laser Physics , 4th ed.; Addison-Wesley: Reading, Massachusetts, 1982

    work page 1982

  37. [37]

    Mukamel, S., Principles of Nonlinear Optical Spectroscopy ; Oxford University Press: New York, 1995

    work page 1995

  38. [38]

    V., Energy transfer and radiation damping in gold-MAPbI3 heterostructures

    Ghosh, B.; Shingote, A.; Bhandari, J.; Hartland, G. V., Energy transfer and radiation damping in gold-MAPbI3 heterostructures. Chemical Science 2025 , 16 , 23012-23018

    work page 2025

  39. [39]

    V., Energy Transfer for Leaky Surface Plasmon Polaritons in Gold Nanostripes

    Bhandari, J.; Hartland, G. V., Energy Transfer for Leaky Surface Plasmon Polaritons in Gold Nanostripes. J. Phys. Chem. C 2025 , 129 , 535-541

    work page 2025

  40. [40]

    L.; Smith, B

    Zhang, Z.; Chasteen, J. L.; Smith, B. D., Cy5 Dye Cassettes Exhibit Through-Bond Energy Transfer and Enable Ratiometric Fluorescence Sensing. The Journal of Organic Chemistry 2024 , 89 , 3309-3318

    work page 2024

  41. [41]

    ACS Nano 2011 , 5 , 5874-5880

    Song, M.; Bouhelier, A.; Bramant, P.; Sharma, J.; Dujardin, E.; Zhang, D.; Colas-des-Francs, G., Imaging symmetry-selected corner plasmon modes in penta-twinned crystalline Ag nanowires. ACS Nano 2011 , 5 , 5874-5880

    work page 2011

  42. [42]

    P.; Xu, H

    Zhang, S. P.; Xu, H. X., Optimizing substrate-mediated plasmon coupling toward high-performance plasmonic nanowire waveguides. ACS Nano 2012 , 6 , 8128-8135

    work page 2012

  43. [43]

    Laser & Photonics Reviews 2014 , 8 , 596-601

    Wang, Z.; Wei, H.; Pan, D.; Xu, H., Controlling the radiation direction of propagating surface plasmons on silver nanowires. Laser & Photonics Reviews 2014 , 8 , 596-601

    work page 2014

  44. [44]

    Laser & Photonics Reviews 2016 , 10 , 278-286

    Yang, H.; Qiu, M.; Li, Q., Identification and control of multiple leaky plasmon modes in silver nanowires. Laser & Photonics Reviews 2016 , 10 , 278-286

    work page 2016

  45. [45]

    R., Extending the Propagation Distance of a Silver Nanowire Plasmonic Waveguide with a Dielectric Multilayer Substrate

    Zhang, D.; Xiang, Y.; Chen, J.; Cheng, J.; Zhu, L.; Wang, R.; Zou, G.; Wang, P.; Ming, H.; Rosenfeld, M.; Badugu, R.; Lakowicz, J. R., Extending the Propagation Distance of a Silver Nanowire Plasmonic Waveguide with a Dielectric Multilayer Substrate. Nano Letters 2018 , 18 , 1152-1158

    work page 2018

  46. [46]

    V., Dynamics of surface plasmon polaritons in metal nanowires

    Johns, P.; Beane, G.; Yu, K.; Hartland, G. V., Dynamics of surface plasmon polaritons in metal nanowires. J. Phys. Chem. C 2017 , 121 , 5445–5459. 17

    work page 2017

  47. [47]

    Wei, H.; Pan, D.; Zhang, S.; Li, Z.; Li, Q.; Liu, N.; Wang, W.; Xu, H., Plasmon Waveguiding in Nanowires. Chem. Rev. 2018 , 118 , 2882-2926

    work page 2018

  48. [48]

    L.; Slovick, B.; Johnson, T

    Olmon, R. L.; Slovick, B.; Johnson, T. W.; Shelton, D.; Oh, S. H.; Boreman, G. D.; Raschke, M. B., Optical dielectric function of gold. Phys. Rev. B 2012 , 86 , 235147

    work page 2012

  49. [49]

    W.; Mermin, N

    Ashcroft, N. W.; Mermin, N. D., Solid State Physics ; Holt, Rinehart and Winston: New York, 1976

    work page 1976

  50. [50]

    L.; Slominskii, Y

    Bricks, J. L.; Slominskii, Y. L.; Panas, I. D.; Demchenko, A. P., Fluorescent J-aggregates of cyanine dyes: basic research and applications review. Methods and Applications in Fluorescence 2018 , 6 , 012001

    work page 2018

  51. [51]

    B.; Messmer, D.; Sadeghpour, A.; Salentinig, S.; Nüesch, F.; Heier, J., Excitonic channels from bio-inspired templated supramolecular assembly of J-aggregate nanowires

    Anantharaman, S. B.; Messmer, D.; Sadeghpour, A.; Salentinig, S.; Nüesch, F.; Heier, J., Excitonic channels from bio-inspired templated supramolecular assembly of J-aggregate nanowires. Nanoscale 2019 , 11 , 6929-6938

    work page 2019

  52. [52]

    P.; Bailey, A

    Deshmukh, A. P.; Bailey, A. D.; Forte, L. S.; Shen, X.; Geue, N.; Sletten, E. M.; Caram, J. R., Thermodynamic Control over Molecular Aggregate Assembly Enables Tunable Excitonic Properties across the Visible and Near-Infrared. The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters 2020 , 11 , 8026-8033

    work page 2020

  53. [53]

    H.; Klein, M

    Barotov, U.; Thanippuli Arachchi, D. H.; Klein, M. D.; Zhang, J.; Šverko, T.; Bawendi, M. G., Near-Unity Superradiant Emission from Delocalized Frenkel Excitons in a Two-Dimensional Supramolecular Assembly. Advanced Optical Materials 2023 , 11 , 2201471

    work page 2023

  54. [54]

    D.; Knoester, J., Linear absorption as a tool to measure the exciton delocalization length in molecular assemblies

    Bakalis, L. D.; Knoester, J., Linear absorption as a tool to measure the exciton delocalization length in molecular assemblies. Journal of Luminescence 2000 , 87-9 , 66-70

    work page 2000

  55. [55]

    E.; Huo, P., Theory and quantum dynamics simulations of exciton-polariton motional narrowing

    Ying, W.; Mondal, M. E.; Huo, P., Theory and quantum dynamics simulations of exciton-polariton motional narrowing. The Journal of Chemical Physics 2024 , 161 , 064105

    work page 2024

  56. [56]

    K.; Chen, H.-T., Unraveling abnormal collective effects via the non-monotonic number dependence of electron transfer in confined electromagnetic fields

    Sharma, S. K.; Chen, H.-T., Unraveling abnormal collective effects via the non-monotonic number dependence of electron transfer in confined electromagnetic fields. The Journal of Chemical Physics 2024 , 161 , 104102

    work page 2024

  57. [57]

    Chng, B. X. K.; Ying, W.; Lai, Y.; Vamivakas, A. N.; Cundiff, S. T.; Krauss, T. D.; Huo, P., Mechanism of Molecular Polariton Decoherence in the Collective Light–Matter Couplings Regime. The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters 2024 , 15 , 11773-11783. 18

    work page 2024

  58. [58]

    J.; Núñez-Sánchez, S.; Barnes, W

    Gentile, M. J.; Núñez-Sánchez, S.; Barnes, W. L., Optical Field-Enhancement and Subwavelength Field-Confinement Using Excitonic Nanostructures. Nano Letters 2014 , 14 , 2339-2344

    work page 2014

  59. [59]

    E.; Würthner, F.; Scheblykin, I

    Lin, H.; Camacho, R.; Tian, Y.; Kaiser, T. E.; Würthner, F.; Scheblykin, I. G., Collective Fluorescence Blinking in Linear J-Aggregates Assisted by Long-Distance Exciton Migration. Nano Letters 2010 , 10 , 620-626

    work page 2010

  60. [60]

    The Journal of Physical Chemistry A 2011 , 115 , 648-654

    Marciniak, H.; Li, X.-Q.; Würthner, F.; Lochbrunner, S., One-Dimensional Exciton Diffusion in Perylene Bisimide Aggregates. The Journal of Physical Chemistry A 2011 , 115 , 648-654

    work page 2011

  61. [61]

    R.; Doria, S.; Eisele, D

    Caram, J. R.; Doria, S.; Eisele, D. M.; Freyria, F. S.; Sinclair, T. S.; Rebentrost, P.; Lloyd, S.; Bawendi, M. G., Room-Temperature Micron-Scale Exciton Migration in a Stabilized Emissive Molecular Aggregate. Nano Letters 2016 , 16 , 6808-6815

    work page 2016

  62. [62]

    M.; Tichauer, R

    Berghuis, A. M.; Tichauer, R. H.; de Jong, L. M. A.; Sokolovskii, I.; Bai, P.; Ramezani, M.; Murai, S.; Groenhof, G.; Gómez Rivas, J., Controlling Exciton Propagation in Organic Crystals through Strong Coupling to Plasmonic Nanoparticle Arrays. ACS Photonics 2022 , 9 , 2263-2272

    work page 2022

  63. [63]

    M.; Forrest, S

    Hou, S.; Khatoniar, M.; Ding, K.; Qu, Y.; Napolov, A.; Menon, V. M.; Forrest, S. R., Ultralong-Range Energy Transport in a Disordered Organic Semiconductor at Room Temperature Via Coherent Exciton-Polariton Propagation. Advanced Materials 2020 , 32 , 2002127. 19

    work page 2020