High-Throughput Discovery of Semimetallic Borophenes with Diverse Dirac States Via Transferable Tight-Binding Approach

Borophene has attracted extensive interest due to its structural flexibility and emergent topological electronic states. However, semimetallic borophenes hosting robust Dirac states remain rare among the large number of predicted allotropes. Here, we develop a transferable tight-binding framework for planar borophenes and combine it with a graph- and group-theory-based random generation strategy to perform high-throughput screening of 522 borophene candidates. Eight previously unreported semimetallic borophenes are identified, hosting diverse topological band crossings, including type-I and type-III Dirac cones, Dirac nodal lines, and quadratic nodal points. Notably, quadratic nodal-point semimetals are predicted in borophene for the first time. Symmetry analysis reveals crystalline-symmetry-protected Dirac states, while first-principles calculations confirm their dynamical and thermal stability. These findings establish borophene as a versatile platform for engineering emergent Dirac physics in two dimensions.