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Supernova 1954J (Variable 12) in NGC 2403 Unmasked

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arxiv astro-ph/0503324 v1 pith:C7465MWE submitted 2005-03-15 astro-ph

Supernova 1954J (Variable 12) in NGC 2403 Unmasked

classification astro-ph
keywords similarstarsupernovavariableactualadvancedapparentappears
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We have confirmed that the precursor star of the unusual Supernova 1954J (also known as Variable 12) in NGC 2403 survived what appears to have been a super-outburst, similar to the 1843 Great Eruption of eta Carinae in the Galaxy. The apparent survivor has changed little in brightness and color over the last eight years, and a Keck spectrum reveals characteristics broadly similar to those of eta Car. This is further suggested by our identification of the actual outburst-surviving star in high-resolution images obtained with the Advanced Camera for Surveys on the Hubble Space Telescope. We reveal this ``supernova impostor'' as a highly luminous (M_V^0 ~ -8.0 mag), very massive (M_initial >~ 25 Msun) eruptive star, now surrounded by a dusty (A_V ~ 4 mag) nebula, similar to eta Car's famous Homunculus.

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