Dipole relaxation losses in DNA

The electrodynamic response of DNA in the millimeter wave range is investigated. By performing measurements under a wide range of humidity conditions and comparing the response of single strand DNA and double strand DNA, we show that the appreciable AC conductivity of DNA is not due to photon activated hopping between localized states, but instead due to dissipation from dipole motion in the surrounding water helix. Such a result, where the conductivity is due to the constrained motion of overdamped dipoles, reconciles the vanishing DC conductivity of DNA with the considerable AC response.