Comparison of 1A GeV ^(bf 197)Au + C data with thermodynamics: the nature of phase transition in nuclear multifragmentation

Multifragmentation (MF) results from 1A GeV Au on C have been compared with the Copenhagen statistical multifragmentation model (SMM). A large number of observables, including the fragment charge yield distributions, fragment multiplicity distributions, caloric curve, critical exponents, and the critical scaling function are explored in this comparison. The nature of the phase transition in SMM is studied as a function of the remnant mass and charge using the microcanonical equation of state. For light remnants $A \leq $ 100, backbending is observed indicating negative specific heat, while for $A \geq$ 170 the effective latentheat approaches zero. Thus for heavier systems this transition can be identified as a continuous thermal phase transition.