Invariant Operators vs Heisenberg Operators for Time-Dependent Generalized Oscillators

We investigate the relation between the invariant operators satisfying the quantum Liouville-von Neumann and the Heisenberg operators satisfying the Heisenberg equation. For time-dependent generalized oscillators we find the invariant operators, known as the Ermakov-Lewis invariants, in terms of a complex classical solution, from which the evolution operator is derived, and obtain the Heisenberg position and momentum operators. Physical quantities such as correlation functions are calculated using both the invariant operators and Heisenberg operators.