Density-dependent interactions and structure of charged colloidal dispersions in the weak screening regime

We determine the structure of charge-stabilized colloidal suspensions at low ionic strength over an extended range of particle volume fractions using a combination of light and small angle neutron scattering experiments. The variation of the structure factor with concentration is analyzed within a one-component model of a colloidal suspension. We show that the observed structural behavior corresponds to a non-monotonic density dependence of the colloid effective charge and the mean interparticle interaction energy. Our findings are corroborated by similar observations from primitive model computer simulations of salt-free colloidal suspensions.