Theoretical and phenomenological aspects of theories with massive gravitons

In this thesis, we study three aspects of theories with massive gravitational waves. In the first part, we review to problems and issues of theories with massive gravitons before introducing models where Lorentz invariance is spontaneously broken by the vacuum expectation value of four scalar fields. In the second part, we discuss three aspects of these models: instantaneous interaction, spherically vacuum solutions and cosmological perturbations.