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Spin-Imbalance in a One-Dimensional Fermi Gas
Atomic Physics · Submitted 1 Dec 2009
abstract compiled · 2026-09-23 · no language-model review
The authors' main claim Our observations are in quantitative agreement with theoretical calculations in which the partially polarized phase is found to be a 1D analogue of the FFLO state.
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The abstract, sentence by sentence
Superconductivity and magnetism generally do not coexist. Changing the relative number of up and down spin electrons disrupts the basic mechanism of superconductivity, where atoms of opposite momentum and spin form Cooper pairs. Nearly forty years ago Fulde and Ferrell and Larkin and Ovchinnikov proposed an exotic pairing mechanism (FFLO) where magnetism is accommodated by formation of pairs with finite momentum. Despite intense theoretical and experimental efforts, however, polarized superconductivity remains largely elusive. Here we report experimental measurements of density profiles of a two spin mixture of ultracold 6Li atoms trapped in an array of one dimensional (1D) tubes, a system analogous to electrons in 1D wires. At finite spin imbalance, the system phase separates with an inverted phase profile in comparison to the three-dimensional case. In 1D we find a partially polarized core surrounded by wings composed of either a completely paired BCS superfluid or a fully polarized Fermi gas, depending on the degree of polarization. Our observations are in quantitative agreement with theoretical calculations in which the partially polarized phase is found to be a 1D analogue of the FFLO state. This study demonstrates how ultracold atomic gases in 1D may be used to create non-trivial new phases of matter, and also paves the way for direct observation and further study of the FFLO phase.
background contribution method result interpretation main claim
| # | sentence | role | the authors' own work | states the main conclusion | strength |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| s0 | Superconductivity and magnetism generally do not coexist. | background 1.00 | 0.03 | 0.02 | asserted 0.99 |
| s1 | Changing the relative number of up and down spin electrons disrupts the basic mechanism of superconductivity, where atoms of opposite momentum and spin form Cooper pairs. | background 1.00 | 0.04 | 0.03 | asserted 1.00 |
| s2 | Nearly forty years ago Fulde and Ferrell and Larkin and Ovchinnikov proposed an exotic pairing mechanism (FFLO) where magnetism is accommodated by formation of pairs with finite momentum. | background 1.00 | 0.02 | 0.04 | asserted 1.00 |
| s3 | Despite intense theoretical and experimental efforts, however, polarized superconductivity remains largely elusive. | gap 0.86 | 0.03 | 0.03 | asserted 0.99 |
| s4 | Here we report experimental measurements of density profiles of a two spin mixture of ultracold 6Li atoms trapped in an array of one dimensional (1D) tubes, a system analogous to electrons in 1D wires. | contribution 0.68 | 0.97 | 0.04 | asserted 1.00 |
| s5 | At finite spin imbalance, the system phase separates with an inverted phase profile in comparison to the three-dimensional case. | result 1.00 | 0.89 | 0.24 | asserted 1.00 |
| s6 | In 1D we find a partially polarized core surrounded by wings composed of either a completely paired BCS superfluid or a fully polarized Fermi gas, depending on the degree of polarization. | result 1.00 | 0.96 | 0.33 | asserted 1.00 |
| s7 | Our observations are in quantitative agreement with theoretical calculations in which the partially polarized phase is found to be a 1D analogue of the FFLO state. | interpretation 0.88 | 0.78 | 0.50 | asserted 0.88 |
| s8 | This study demonstrates how ultracold atomic gases in 1D may be used to create non-trivial new phases of matter, and also paves the way for direct observation and further study of the FFLO phase. | interpretation 0.70 | 0.53 | 0.66 | asserted 0.75 |
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The paper
Original abstract
Superconductivity and magnetism generally do not coexist. Changing the relative number of up and down spin electrons disrupts the basic mechanism of superconductivity, where atoms of opposite momentum and spin form Cooper pairs. Nearly forty years ago Fulde and Ferrell and Larkin and Ovchinnikov proposed an exotic pairing mechanism (FFLO) where magnetism is accommodated by formation of pairs with finite momentum. Despite intense theoretical and experimental efforts, however, polarized superconductivity remains largely elusive. Here we report experimental measurements of density profiles of a two spin mixture of ultracold 6Li atoms trapped in an array of one dimensional (1D) tubes, a system analogous to electrons in 1D wires. At finite spin imbalance, the system phase separates with an inverted phase profile in comparison to the three-dimensional case. In 1D we find a partially polarized core surrounded by wings composed of either a completely paired BCS superfluid or a fully polarized Fermi gas, depending on the degree of polarization. Our observations are in quantitative agreement with theoretical calculations in which the partially polarized phase is found to be a 1D analogue of the FFLO state. This study demonstrates how ultracold atomic gases in 1D may be used to create non-trivial new phases of matter, and also paves the way for direct observation and further study of the FFLO phase.
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How later papers used it
99 later papers cite it
1 paper by the same authors is listed below: 1 used its data or values.
Uses its data or values 1 of 4 papers with this label · 1 by the same authors
By the same authors
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Considered the parameters in this paper, where 6Li atoms were trapped in quasi-1D tubes with epsilon = 1.2 microK, or k = 5.4 x 10^6 m^-1.
Protocol to engineer Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov states in a cold Fermi gas (2017) (same authors) · 1.00 · paraphrased: the licence does not allow quoting
How the literature uses it
18 arXiv papers cite this in 33 sentences
Papers citing it · 26 sentences without a confident label
Cites it as support 1 paper
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Moreover, the strengthening of the oscillations at higher aspect ratios is consistent with the expectation of a LO phase in the quasi-1D limit [ref] .
Competition between Normal Superfluidity and Larkin-Ovchinnikov Phases of Polarized Fermi Gases in Elongated Traps · Introduction · 0.97
Cites it as background 6 papers
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The most recent experimental breakthroughs are the realization of a 1D super TG (sTG) gas of bosonic Cesium atoms [ref] and a 1D spin-imbalanced Fermi gas of $^6$Li atoms [ref] .
Realization of effective super Tonks-Girardeau gases via strongly attractive one-dimensional Fermi gases · Introduction · 0.90
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In particular, by using either an optical potential or large magnetic field gradients, one can confine the motion of atoms to one dimension and create interacting 1D gases of bosons [ref] and fermions [ref] , which can be described by the integrable Lieb-Liniger [ref] and Yang-Gaudin [ref] models respectively.
Parametric Excitation of a 1D Gas in Integrable and Nonintegrable Cases · Introduction · 0.97
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Recently, a considerable experimental effort [ref] has been devoted to the analysis of two-component spin-imbalanced Fermi gases.
Probing the FFLO phase by double occupancy modulation spectroscopy · Introduction · 0.97
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