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The Planck-ATCA Co-eval Observations (PACO) project: the bright sample

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Marcella Massardi, Anna Bonaldi, Laura Bonavera, Marcos López-Caniego, Gianfranco De Zotti, Ronald D. Ekers

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Submitted 31 Dec 2010

abstract compiled · 2026-09-23 · no language-model review

The authors' main claim Finally we discuss how these data could be used to transfer absolute calibrations to ground based telescopes using the CMB dipole calibrated flux densities measured by the Planck satellite, and we provide some test fluxes on bright calibrators.

how it is stated · hedged possibility 0.96 read the record →

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arXiv ID1101.0225 (version 2)
Pith IDZKACWCZT, Pith's permanent record of this paper and its review
CitationAnna Bonaldi, Gianfranco De Zotti, Laura Bonavera, Marcella Massardi, Marcos L\'opez-Caniego, Ronald D. Ekers. "The Planck-ATCA Co-eval Observations (PACO) project: the bright sample." arXiv:1101.0225 (2010). https://pith.science/paper/ZKACWCZT
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The compiled record

The paper's own sentences, arranged. Each label is drawn from a closed vocabulary; the number beside it is the probability the classifier gave that label. Numbers in the tables are the authors', checked by code. No sentence in this record was written by a model.

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Compiled by classifier-1.13-20260917 via OpenRouter, question bank abstract-p1-20260923, 2026-09-23: 1 request, 5,151 input tokens, $0.0002 reported.

What the abstract itself states, as probabilities: claims first 0.04 · states limitation 0.20 · human participants 0.02 · controlled comparison 0.04 · randomized assignment 0.01 · states quantitative result 0.87 · compares with prior results 0.18 · mentions code or data availability 0.05.

The abstract, sentence by sentence

arXiv listing abstract v2. Results and the main claim are underlined; .

The Planck-ATCA Co-eval Observations (PACO) have provided flux density measurements of well defined samples of AT20G radio sources at frequencies below and overlapping with Planck frequency bands, almost simultaneously with Planck observations. We have observed with the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) a total of 482 sources in the frequency range between 4.5 and 40 GHz in the period between July 2009 and August 2010. Several sources were observed more than once. In this paper we present the aims of the project, the selection criteria, and the observation and data reduction procedures. We also discuss the data in total intensity for a complete sample of 189 sources with S(20 GHz)>500 mJy, Galactic latitude |b|>5deg, and declination <-30deg, and some statistical analysis of the spectral behaviour and variability of this sample, referred to as the "bright PACO sample". Finally we discuss how these data could be used to transfer absolute calibrations to ground based telescopes using the CMB dipole calibrated flux densities measured by the Planck satellite, and we provide some test fluxes on bright calibrators.

background contribution method result interpretation main claim

What the classifier reports for each sentence. The number is the probability it gave the label.
#sentencerolethe authors' own workstates the main conclusionstrength
s0 The Planck-ATCA Co-eval Observations (PACO) have provided flux density measurements of well defined samples of AT20G radio sources at frequencies below and overlapping with Planck frequency bands, almost simultaneously with Planck observations. contribution 0.87 0.88 0.08 asserted 1.00
s1 We have observed with the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) a total of 482 sources in the frequency range between 4.5 and 40 GHz in the period between July 2009 and August 2010. method 0.90 0.97 0.03 asserted 1.00
s2 Several sources were observed more than once. method 0.83 0.86 0.02 asserted 1.00
s3 In this paper we present the aims of the project, the selection criteria, and the observation and data reduction procedures. contribution 0.81 0.59 0.03 asserted 0.91
s4 We also discuss the data in total intensity for a complete sample of 189 sources with S(20 GHz)>500 mJy, Galactic latitude |b|>5deg, and declination <-30deg, and some statistical analysis of the spectral behaviour and variability of this sample, referred to as the "bright PACO sample". contribution 0.98 0.93 0.15 asserted 1.00
s5 Finally we discuss how these data could be used to transfer absolute calibrations to ground based telescopes using the CMB dipole calibrated flux densities measured by the Planck satellite, and we provide some test fluxes on bright calibrators. contribution 0.61 0.88 0.18 hedged possibility 0.96

What kind of paper the classifier reports this is: dataset or benchmark 0.58 · evidence from observation or experiment 1.00.

What was examined, and what was not

sources read
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not examined
  • full text
  • figures and tables
  • references and citing sentences
  • relations to other papers
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  • P abstract
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  • S sections
  • T body sentences
  • C citations
  • R cross-paper relations

Every quoted sentence on this record is the authors'. Every label is from Pith's closed vocabulary, with the probability shown beside it. Every number in the measurements table is the authors', checked by code. Record as JSON

The paper
Original abstract

The Planck-ATCA Co-eval Observations (PACO) have provided flux density measurements of well defined samples of AT20G radio sources at frequencies below and overlapping with Planck frequency bands, almost simultaneously with Planck observations. We have observed with the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) a total of 482 sources in the frequency range between 4.5 and 40 GHz in the period between July 2009 and August 2010. Several sources were observed more than once. In this paper we present the aims of the project, the selection criteria, and the observation and data reduction procedures. We also discuss the data in total intensity for a complete sample of 189 sources with S(20 GHz)>500 mJy, Galactic latitude |b|>5deg, and declination <-30deg, and some statistical analysis of the spectral behaviour and variability of this sample, referred to as the "bright PACO sample". Finally we discuss how these data could be used to transfer absolute calibrations to ground based telescopes using the CMB dipole calibrated flux densities measured by the Planck satellite, and we provide some test fluxes on bright calibrators.

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3 arXiv papers cite this in 11 sentences

Each citing sentence is taken from the citing paper's LaTeX source and typed by Pith's classifier. A label appears at probability 0.8 or more (0.95 for support), a contest at 0.7 or more; the quoted words are the citing authors'. How each label was checked · JSON

Papers citing it · 8 sentences without a confident label

Compares with it 1 paper
  • For comparison, for the bright sample [ref] found, at 20 GHz, a variability of $∼9$ per cent at 20 GHz on a timescale of about 9 months, slightly larger than what has been found by [ref] (6.9 per cent) over a one year timescale for a 100 mJy flux density limit sample.

    The Planck-ATCA Coeval Observations (PACO) project: the faint sample · Variability · 0.99

Cites it as support 1 paper
  • The approach we have chosen also allows us to take into account systematic variations with frequency of the spectral index distributions, clearly demonstrated by multi-frequency observations [ref] .

    The Tiered Radio Extragalactic Continuum Simulation (T-RECS) · Total intensity number counts · 0.96

Cites it as background 1 paper

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