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The QCD equation of state from the lattice
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The equation of state of QCD at finite temperatures and baryon densities has a wide range of applications in many fields of modern particle and nuclear physics. It is the main ingredient to describe the dynamics of experimental heavy ion collisions, the expansion of the early universe in the standard model era and the interior of compact stars. On most scales of interest, QCD is strongly coupled and not amenable to perturbative investigations. Over the last decade, first principles calculations using lattice QCD have reached maturity, in the sense that for particular discretisation schemes simulations at the physical point have become possible, finite temperature results near the continuum limit are available and systematic errors begin to be controlled. This review summarises the current theoretical and numerical state of the art based on staggered and Wilson fermions.
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Cited by 3 Pith papers
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Gauss law codes and vacuum codes from lattice gauge theories
Gauss law codes identify the full gauge-invariant sector as the code space while vacuum codes restrict to the matter vacuum, with the two shown to be unitarily equivalent for finite gauge groups.
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Finite-density equation of state of hot QCD using the complex Langevin equation
Continuum-extrapolated lattice QCD simulations with complex Langevin produce the equation of state at high baryon chemical potentials above the crossover temperature at the physical point.
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The massive Thirring / sine-Gordon model with non-zero current density
Optimal bounds from current-density calculations constrain the energy density versus number density in the massive Thirring/sine-Gordon model by a factor of two at high densities for any coupling, with the lower bound...
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