RECORD
Ultra Fast Outflows: Galaxy-Scale Active Galactic Nucleus Feedback
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Submitted 26 Nov 2012
abstract compiled · 2026-09-23 · no language-model review
The authors' main claim We show, using global 3D grid-based hydrodynamical simulations, that Ultra Fast Outflows (UFOs) from Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) result in considerable feedback of energy and momentum into the interstellar medium (ISM) of the host galaxy.
The compiled record
The paper's own sentences, arranged. Each label is drawn from a closed vocabulary; the number beside it is the probability the classifier gave that label. Numbers in the tables are the authors', checked by code. No sentence in this record was written by a model.
Open the compiled record
The abstract, sentence by sentence
We show, using global 3D grid-based hydrodynamical simulations, that Ultra Fast Outflows (UFOs) from Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) result in considerable feedback of energy and momentum into the interstellar medium (ISM) of the host galaxy. The AGN wind interacts strongly with the inhomogeneous, two-phase ISM consisting of dense clouds embedded in a tenuous hot hydrostatic medium. The outflow floods through the inter-cloud channels, sweeps up the hot ISM, and ablates and disperses the dense clouds. The momentum of the UFO is primarily transferred to the dense clouds via the ram pressure in the channel flow, and the wind-blown bubble evolves in the energy-driven regime. Any dependence on UFO opening angle disappears after the first interaction with obstructing clouds. On kpc scales, therefore, feedback by UFOs operates similarly to feedback by relativistic AGN jets. Negative feedback is significantly stronger if clouds are distributed spherically, rather than in a disc. In the latter case the turbulent backflow of the wind drives mass inflow toward the central black hole. Considering the common occurrence of UFOs in AGN, they are likely to be important in the cosmological feedback cycles of galaxy formation.
background contribution method result interpretation main claim
| # | sentence | role | the authors' own work | states the main conclusion | strength |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| s0 | We show, using global 3D grid-based hydrodynamical simulations, that Ultra Fast Outflows (UFOs) from Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) result in considerable feedback of energy and momentum into the interstellar medium (ISM) of the host galaxy. | result 0.62 | 0.95 | 0.83 | asserted 1.00 |
| s1 | The AGN wind interacts strongly with the inhomogeneous, two-phase ISM consisting of dense clouds embedded in a tenuous hot hydrostatic medium. | result 0.51 | 0.54 | 0.04 | asserted 1.00 |
| s2 | The outflow floods through the inter-cloud channels, sweeps up the hot ISM, and ablates and disperses the dense clouds. | result 0.99 | 0.82 | 0.09 | asserted 1.00 |
| s3 | The momentum of the UFO is primarily transferred to the dense clouds via the ram pressure in the channel flow, and the wind-blown bubble evolves in the energy-driven regime. | result 0.94 | 0.90 | 0.17 | asserted 1.00 |
| s4 | Any dependence on UFO opening angle disappears after the first interaction with obstructing clouds. | result 1.00 | 0.86 | 0.07 | asserted 1.00 |
| s5 | On kpc scales, therefore, feedback by UFOs operates similarly to feedback by relativistic AGN jets. | interpretation 0.86 | 0.86 | 0.32 | asserted 1.00 |
| s6 | Negative feedback is significantly stronger if clouds are distributed spherically, rather than in a disc. | result 1.00 | 0.89 | 0.08 | asserted 1.00 |
| s7 | In the latter case the turbulent backflow of the wind drives mass inflow toward the central black hole. | result 0.96 | 0.85 | 0.05 | asserted 1.00 |
| s8 | Considering the common occurrence of UFOs in AGN, they are likely to be important in the cosmological feedback cycles of galaxy formation. | interpretation 1.00 | 0.22 | 0.30 | hedged possibility 1.00 |
What was examined, and what was not
- arXiv listing abstract v3
- full text
- figures and tables
- references and citing sentences
- relations to other papers
- P abstract
- S sections
- T body sentences
- C citations
- R cross-paper relations
The paper
Original abstract
We show, using global 3D grid-based hydrodynamical simulations, that Ultra Fast Outflows (UFOs) from Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) result in considerable feedback of energy and momentum into the interstellar medium (ISM) of the host galaxy. The AGN wind interacts strongly with the inhomogeneous, two-phase ISM consisting of dense clouds embedded in a tenuous hot hydrostatic medium. The outflow floods through the inter-cloud channels, sweeps up the hot ISM, and ablates and disperses the dense clouds. The momentum of the UFO is primarily transferred to the dense clouds via the ram pressure in the channel flow, and the wind-blown bubble evolves in the energy-driven regime. Any dependence on UFO opening angle disappears after the first interaction with obstructing clouds. On kpc scales, therefore, feedback by UFOs operates similarly to feedback by relativistic AGN jets. Negative feedback is significantly stronger if clouds are distributed spherically, rather than in a disc. In the latter case the turbulent backflow of the wind drives mass inflow toward the central black hole. Considering the common occurrence of UFOs in AGN, they are likely to be important in the cosmological feedback cycles of galaxy formation.
Human review
References
How the literature uses it
5 arXiv papers cite this in 5 sentences
Discussion
Know something about this paper? Leave a comment, or highlight any passage above to comment on it.