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The Epeak-Eiso relation revisited with Fermi GRBs: Resolving a long-standing debate?

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V. Heussaff, J-L. Atteia, Y. Zolnierowski

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Submitted 7 Jun 2013

abstract compiled · 2026-09-23 · no language-model review

The authors' main claim We find that the Epi-Eiso relation is partly due to intrinsic GRB properties and partly due to selection effects.

how it is stated · asserted 1.00 read the record →

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arXiv ID1306.1757 (version 2)
Pith IDA3YCMS4P, Pith's permanent record of this paper and its review
CitationJ-L. Atteia, V. Heussaff, Y. Zolnierowski. "The Epeak-Eiso relation revisited with Fermi GRBs: Resolving a long-standing debate?." arXiv:1306.1757 (2013). https://pith.science/paper/A3YCMS4P
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The compiled record

The paper's own sentences, arranged. Each label is drawn from a closed vocabulary; the number beside it is the probability the classifier gave that label. Numbers in the tables are the authors', checked by code. No sentence in this record was written by a model.

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Compiled by classifier-1.13-20260917 via OpenRouter, question bank abstract-p1-20260923, 2026-09-23: 1 request, 9,687 input tokens, $0.0004 reported.

What the abstract itself states, as probabilities: claims first 0.03 · states limitation 0.59 · human participants 0.01 · controlled comparison 0.23 · randomized assignment 0.01 · states quantitative result 0.86 · compares with prior results 0.67 · mentions code or data availability 0.02.

The abstract, sentence by sentence

arXiv listing abstract v2. Results and the main claim are underlined; .

We used a sample of GRBs detected by Fermi and Swift to reanalyze the correlation discovered by Amati et al. (2002) between Epi, the peak energy of the prompt GRB emission, and Eiso, the energy released by the GRB assuming isotropic emission. This correlation has been disputed by various authors, and our aim is to assess whether it is an intrinsic GRB property or the consequence of selection effects. We constructed a sample of Fermi GRBs with homogeneous selection criteria, and we studied their distribution in the Epi-Eiso plane. Our sample is made of 43 GRBs with a redshift and 243 GRBs without a redshift. We show that GRBs with a redshift follow a broad Epi-Eiso relation, while GRBs without a redshift show several outliers. We use these samples to discuss the impact of selection effects associated with GRB detection and with redshift measurement. We find that the Epi-Eiso relation is partly due to intrinsic GRB properties and partly due to selection effects. The lower right boundary of the Epi-Eiso relation stems from a true lack of luminous GRBs with low Epi. In contrast, the upper left boundary is attributed to selection effects acting against the detection GRBs with low Eiso and large Epi that appear to have a lower signal-to-noise ratio. In addition, we demonstrate that GRBs with and without a redshift follow different distributions in the Epi-Eiso plane. GRBs with a redshift are concentrated near the lower right boundary of the Epi-Eiso relation. This suggests that it is easier to measure the redshift of GRBs close to the lower Epi-Eiso boundary. In this context, we attribute the controversy about the reality of the Amati relation to the complex nature of this relation resulting from the combination of a true physical boundary and biases favoring the detection and the measurement of the redshift of GRBs located close to this boundary.

background contribution method result interpretation main claim

What the classifier reports for each sentence. The number is the probability it gave the label.
#sentencerolethe authors' own workstates the main conclusionstrength
s0 We used a sample of GRBs detected by Fermi and Swift to reanalyze the correlation discovered by Amati et al. (2002) between Epi, the peak energy of the prompt GRB emission, and Eiso, the energy released by the GRB assuming isotropic emission. contribution 0.64 0.91 0.02 asserted 0.94
s1 This correlation has been disputed by various authors, and our aim is to assess whether it is an intrinsic GRB property or the consequence of selection effects. background 0.65 0.11 0.03 asserted 0.80
s2 We constructed a sample of Fermi GRBs with homogeneous selection criteria, and we studied their distribution in the Epi-Eiso plane. method 0.92 0.97 0.02 asserted 0.94
s3 Our sample is made of 43 GRBs with a redshift and 243 GRBs without a redshift. method 0.93 0.91 0.02 asserted 1.00
s4 We show that GRBs with a redshift follow a broad Epi-Eiso relation, while GRBs without a redshift show several outliers. result 1.00 0.96 0.10 asserted 1.00
s5 We use these samples to discuss the impact of selection effects associated with GRB detection and with redshift measurement. contribution 0.46 0.82 0.04 unclear 0.66
s6 We find that the Epi-Eiso relation is partly due to intrinsic GRB properties and partly due to selection effects. result 0.97 0.97 0.84 asserted 1.00
s7 The lower right boundary of the Epi-Eiso relation stems from a true lack of luminous GRBs with low Epi. interpretation 0.66 0.92 0.13 asserted 1.00
s8 In contrast, the upper left boundary is attributed to selection effects acting against the detection GRBs with low Eiso and large Epi that appear to have a lower signal-to-noise ratio. interpretation 0.88 0.87 0.10 asserted 0.96
s9 In addition, we demonstrate that GRBs with and without a redshift follow different distributions in the Epi-Eiso plane. result 0.99 0.94 0.08 asserted 1.00
s10 GRBs with a redshift are concentrated near the lower right boundary of the Epi-Eiso relation. result 0.99 0.91 0.06 asserted 1.00
s11 This suggests that it is easier to measure the redshift of GRBs close to the lower Epi-Eiso boundary. interpretation 1.00 0.50 0.05 hedged possibility 0.97
s12 In this context, we attribute the controversy about the reality of the Amati relation to the complex nature of this relation resulting from the combination of a true physical boundary and biases favoring the detection and the measurement of the redshift of GRBs located close to this boundary. interpretation 1.00 0.72 0.71 asserted 0.82

What kind of paper the classifier reports this is: empirical study 1.00 · evidence from analysis of existing data 1.00.

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sources read
  • arXiv listing abstract v2
not examined
  • full text
  • figures and tables
  • references and citing sentences
  • relations to other papers
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  • P abstract
not run
  • S sections
  • T body sentences
  • C citations
  • R cross-paper relations

Every quoted sentence on this record is the authors'. Every label is from Pith's closed vocabulary, with the probability shown beside it. Every number in the measurements table is the authors', checked by code. Record as JSON

The paper
Original abstract

We used a sample of GRBs detected by Fermi and Swift to reanalyze the correlation discovered by Amati et al. (2002) between Epi, the peak energy of the prompt GRB emission, and Eiso, the energy released by the GRB assuming isotropic emission. This correlation has been disputed by various authors, and our aim is to assess whether it is an intrinsic GRB property or the consequence of selection effects. We constructed a sample of Fermi GRBs with homogeneous selection criteria, and we studied their distribution in the Epi-Eiso plane. Our sample is made of 43 GRBs with a redshift and 243 GRBs without a redshift. We show that GRBs with a redshift follow a broad Epi-Eiso relation, while GRBs without a redshift show several outliers. We use these samples to discuss the impact of selection effects associated with GRB detection and with redshift measurement. We find that the Epi-Eiso relation is partly due to intrinsic GRB properties and partly due to selection effects. The lower right boundary of the Epi-Eiso relation stems from a true lack of luminous GRBs with low Epi. In contrast, the upper left boundary is attributed to selection effects acting against the detection GRBs with low Eiso and large Epi that appear to have a lower signal-to-noise ratio. In addition, we demonstrate that GRBs with and without a redshift follow different distributions in the Epi-Eiso plane. GRBs with a redshift are concentrated near the lower right boundary of the Epi-Eiso relation. This suggests that it is easier to measure the redshift of GRBs close to the lower Epi-Eiso boundary. In this context, we attribute the controversy about the reality of the Amati relation to the complex nature of this relation resulting from the combination of a true physical boundary and biases favoring the detection and the measurement of the redshift of GRBs located close to this boundary.

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4 arXiv papers cite this in 5 sentences

Each citing sentence is taken from the citing paper's LaTeX source and typed by Pith's classifier. A label appears at probability 0.8 or more (0.95 for support), a contest at 0.7 or more; the quoted words are the citing authors'. How each label was checked · JSON

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