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Higgs mode in the d-wave superconductor Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x driven by an intense terahertz pulse
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We investigated the terahertz (THz)-pulse driven nonlinear response in the d-wave cuprate superconductor Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x (Bi2212) using a THz pump near-infrared probe scheme in the time domain. We have observed an oscillatory behavior of the optical reflectivity that follows the THz electric field squared and is strongly enhanced below Tc. The corresponding third-order nonlinear effect exhibits both A1g and B1g symmetry components, which are decomposed from polarization-resolved measurements. Comparison with a BCS calculation of the nonlinear susceptibility indicates that the A1g component is associated with the Higgs mode of the d-wave order parameter.
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Higgs-mediated optical amplification in a non-equilibrium superconductor
A fast quench into a superconducting state can make the oscillating Higgs mode parametrically amplify reflected light and create an idler photon; optically driven K3C60 shows inferred reflectivity above 1.
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