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The dry history of liquid computers

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Paper breakdownThe authors' claims, conditions and measurements, as JSON Signed receiptProof this review has not been altered
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Andrew Adamatzky

Emerging Technologies · Submitted 25 Nov 2018

abstract compiled · 2026-09-23 · no language-model review

The authors' main claim A liquid can be used to represent signals, actuate mechanical computing devices and to modify signals via chemical reactions.

how it is stated · asserted 0.79 read the record →

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arXiv ID1811.09989 (version 1)
Pith IDZIXKTOWK, Pith's permanent record of this paper and its review
CitationAndrew Adamatzky. "The dry history of liquid computers." arXiv:1811.09989 (2018). https://pith.science/paper/ZIXKTOWK
Claim paper

The compiled record

The paper's own sentences, arranged. Each label is drawn from a closed vocabulary; the number beside it is the probability the classifier gave that label. Numbers in the tables are the authors', checked by code. No sentence in this record was written by a model.

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Compiled by classifier-1.13.0 via TypeSafe API, question bank abstract-p1-20260923, 2026-09-23: 1 request, 2,862 input tokens.

What the abstract itself states, as probabilities: claims first 0.02 · states limitation 0.10 · human participants 0.03 · controlled comparison 0.02 · randomized assignment 0.01 · states quantitative result 0.04 · compares with prior results 0.04 · mentions code or data availability 0.02.

The abstract, sentence by sentence

arXiv listing abstract v1. Results and the main claim are underlined; .

A liquid can be used to represent signals, actuate mechanical computing devices and to modify signals via chemical reactions. We give a brief overview of liquid based computing devices developed over hundreds of years. These include hydraulic calculators, fluidic computers, micro-fluidic devices, droplets, liquid marbles and reaction-diffusion chemical computers.

background contribution method result interpretation main claim

What the classifier reports for each sentence. The number is the probability it gave the label.
#sentencerolethe authors' own workstates the main conclusionstrength
s0 A liquid can be used to represent signals, actuate mechanical computing devices and to modify signals via chemical reactions. background 1.00 0.08 0.31 asserted 0.79
s1 We give a brief overview of liquid based computing devices developed over hundreds of years. contribution 0.94 0.60 0.06 asserted 0.92
s2 These include hydraulic calculators, fluidic computers, micro-fluidic devices, droplets, liquid marbles and reaction-diffusion chemical computers. background 0.56 0.05 0.07 asserted 0.99

What kind of paper the classifier reports this is: review 1.00 · evidence from literature 0.99.

What was examined, and what was not

sources read
  • arXiv listing abstract v1
not examined
  • full text
  • figures and tables
  • references and citing sentences
  • relations to other papers
levels run
  • P abstract
not run
  • S sections
  • T body sentences
  • C citations
  • R cross-paper relations

Every quoted sentence on this record is the authors'. Every label is from Pith's closed vocabulary, with the probability shown beside it. Every number in the measurements table is the authors', checked by code. Record as JSON

The paper
Original abstract

A liquid can be used to represent signals, actuate mechanical computing devices and to modify signals via chemical reactions. We give a brief overview of liquid based computing devices developed over hundreds of years. These include hydraulic calculators, fluidic computers, micro-fluidic devices, droplets, liquid marbles and reaction-diffusion chemical computers.

Human review

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How the literature uses it

2 arXiv papers cite this in 2 sentences

Each citing sentence is taken from the citing paper's LaTeX source and typed by Pith's classifier. A label appears at probability 0.8 or more (0.95 for support), a contest at 0.7 or more; the quoted words are the citing authors'. How each label was checked · JSON

Papers citing it

Cites it as background 2 papers

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