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Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

A framework for anomaly detection using language modeling, and its applications to finance

As of 16 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 25 of 25 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:1908.09156.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
1908.09156 v1

Coverage vector

measured 25 of 25 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-14T11:21:52.910438Z

measured 25 of 25 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00

measured 0 of 0 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

25 of 25 outbound references displayed

  • verified exact1
  • verified fuzzy2
  • unresolved21
  • parse uncertain0
  • malformed identifier0
  • metadata mismatch1

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 2b646a82-4470-48b5-86d1-26bab42f10f8 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A framework for anomaly detection using language modeling, and its applications to finance Unresolved cited work

Reference 1

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:21:53.183116Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-14T11:21:52.821385Z digest=sha256:dff68a0a1537dec11feb4c7524286824a735ccafaae9c2aba9e5fdf96986fe66

Observation 593b023f-456b-4c43-96ea-2bb9256b691c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A framework for anomaly detection using language modeling, and its applications to finance Unresolved cited work

Reference 2

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:21:53.173252Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-14T11:21:52.825863Z digest=sha256:6609029603cb3636c41227d3e057fc14a2486450aec8113f9bf5856faa5b7568

Observation 4fe5c125-7436-4fb1-bdff-3aaf9931770b · outbound

This paper cites BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding.

A framework for anomaly detection using language modeling, and its applications to finance BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding

Reference 3

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T11:21:52.830071Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-14T11:21:52.830071Z digest=sha256:d192e052a56c5bbf57a9cc1b019b1ea12972f2ad52570c141b9bcdd44ab6f5a7

Observation 939a0a2d-fbbb-4757-a196-105c87037ab5 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A framework for anomaly detection using language modeling, and its applications to finance Unresolved cited work

Reference 4

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:21:53.162440Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-14T11:21:52.833959Z digest=sha256:c0b4ff3bdb2b04ac5fb5c97efa4d57fa36df2127f5bac4d9a7008c233fe25a1c

Observation 681d8f33-ffc9-48ba-9ddd-010a8847dc31 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A framework for anomaly detection using language modeling, and its applications to finance Unresolved cited work

Reference 5

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:21:53.151608Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-14T11:21:52.837857Z digest=sha256:abafd3e1d1814ccb82d2814f439b03f5abb7a1d5a0152784114fb20399bbb248

Observation edb0ce85-86a0-4424-8951-bb92d1df743d · outbound

This paper cites Universal Language Model Fine-tuning for Text Classification.

A framework for anomaly detection using language modeling, and its applications to finance Universal Language Model Fine-tuning for Text Classification

Reference 6

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T11:21:52.841529Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-14T11:21:52.841529Z digest=sha256:aad5650877ad7968c60e3b400cda194a3e1ca31615235dd6f4bfaeebbfd92c83

Observation bd2cd245-393b-44e3-8ee2-33448730bb16 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A framework for anomaly detection using language modeling, and its applications to finance Unresolved cited work

Reference 7

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:21:53.141612Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-14T11:21:52.846822Z digest=sha256:ac07f28339f1a040a7b04a854cc15b5102925ace67af63972d3919e77ef18898

Observation cd64a4a0-f87f-4a35-8bb2-18c767039668 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A framework for anomaly detection using language modeling, and its applications to finance Unresolved cited work

Reference 8

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:21:53.129997Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-14T11:21:52.850099Z digest=sha256:1e3ec697550210203a417ec959bd781892124ffd5cc08fff58ab9874ddc0b1a7

Observation e933e6c7-978a-430f-976e-e913bebec25d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A framework for anomaly detection using language modeling, and its applications to finance Unresolved cited work

Reference 9

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:21:53.119348Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-14T11:21:52.853396Z digest=sha256:37d519a9ff66bf13177b20382e0112136f296340c634e12a769fccf0e63c38de

Observation 81cd45b5-b48b-4c60-8443-3b5d7936c1c9 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A framework for anomaly detection using language modeling, and its applications to finance Unresolved cited work

Reference 10

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T11:21:52.856872Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-14T11:21:52.856872Z digest=sha256:f41d252e95047d5043e64af7276eb9beb566bedcf852c3ec07381b4864fc71b0

Observation 372d7fb2-75e8-4c43-89c0-8b12a327beef · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A framework for anomaly detection using language modeling, and its applications to finance Unresolved cited work

Reference 11

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T11:21:52.863973Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-14T11:21:52.863973Z digest=sha256:afb9a3877a9ce1e0cb66f27380263e54e0076359b3ef04f7862f5504752e881d

Observation a33e9414-b0b1-4bfc-b36f-9be485d2229a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A framework for anomaly detection using language modeling, and its applications to finance Unresolved cited work

Reference 12

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:21:53.085200Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-14T11:21:52.867491Z digest=sha256:89997990f5f146186e81e76703ffe61aa7c6d25cc27941f32fc21ed93ec3799f

Observation bc62554e-bcce-417d-bf34-719da4a28de2 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A framework for anomaly detection using language modeling, and its applications to finance Unresolved cited work

Reference 13

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:21:53.075285Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-14T11:21:52.870822Z digest=sha256:43dabe4f87bc910cffe0f96f262978c79365ad9b57d05c1b9b6332fd7db267ec

Observation ddfd325d-8605-4270-b17a-f99eab0752a2 · outbound

This paper cites Deep contextualized word representations.

A framework for anomaly detection using language modeling, and its applications to finance Deep contextualized word representations

Reference 14

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T11:21:52.874203Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-14T11:21:52.874203Z digest=sha256:e2e2a60460fe98c3e2a6c72c1181cb0d1f429a0b06801030b584e1398dfa9c60

Observation 9b181a3f-885d-4344-868a-4d6da11dedad · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A framework for anomaly detection using language modeling, and its applications to finance Unresolved cited work

Reference 15

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T11:21:52.878345Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-14T11:21:52.878345Z digest=sha256:9225f33fc251a89a42e9b2d801ca2825f8360c3815323605e477b1156d9b4222

Observation 928b6071-9056-42b9-a467-7ef27477efb7 · outbound

This paper cites Chaudhuri.

A framework for anomaly detection using language modeling, and its applications to finance Chaudhuri

Reference 16

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:21:53.064815Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-14T11:21:52.881598Z digest=sha256:62a80ac1c3be49b459f61f402d79c925c8d15d5f877184ab33facff925f54061

Observation 59cef40c-5960-4290-918f-862e832972c2 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A framework for anomaly detection using language modeling, and its applications to finance Unresolved cited work

Reference 17

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:21:53.053923Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-14T11:21:52.884753Z digest=sha256:4c4a21214877c4319dab5dfce00fcdfbbb5626c124507bd907dda5cabe7e9711

Observation 8bfe827f-3202-42cb-9dd4-8a2efc204548 · outbound

This paper cites From Frequency to Meaning: Vector Space Models of Semantics.

A framework for anomaly detection using language modeling, and its applications to finance From Frequency to Meaning: Vector Space Models of Semantics

Reference 18

Resolution
metadata mismatch
local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-14T11:21:52.972060Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-14T11:21:52.888270Z digest=sha256:e2f290c3de11d6a3cf6a34d0e4fcdeb59af2caecd59fb5e333a9e80f4ce1c891

Observation 2f738cb9-5e14-48a3-b7f4-7549b39a416f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A framework for anomaly detection using language modeling, and its applications to finance Unresolved cited work

Reference 19

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:21:53.043572Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-14T11:21:52.891807Z digest=sha256:fc0eda2c02f072f82174f1a15c4700d1974db6f0e22681f78852fc7f88e41628

Observation 612408d9-48e5-4794-b25e-55a1c13732a8 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A framework for anomaly detection using language modeling, and its applications to finance Unresolved cited work

Reference 20

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:21:53.033431Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-14T11:21:52.895941Z digest=sha256:2d08f2b6ad20f44f61d0081f40a34131c8187a18c363f8a182138c4aff9a49af

Observation 44cfa540-7c6e-4b77-81ea-fa3d8d743b10 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A framework for anomaly detection using language modeling, and its applications to finance Unresolved cited work

Reference 21

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:21:53.022781Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-14T11:21:52.899165Z digest=sha256:4eb7213f7a99210faf8c0da784772b19ad90796c274e2737602cfd6720aceb45

Observation ceec0079-1c24-492f-98e9-66d53870db74 · outbound

This paper cites Factors Influencing the Surprising Instability of Word Embeddings.

A framework for anomaly detection using language modeling, and its applications to finance Factors Influencing the Surprising Instability of Word Embeddings

Reference 22

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T11:21:52.902794Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-14T11:21:52.902794Z digest=sha256:937a525f3e35758ca92e5d01c2062df94c99bc6ae5893406a9472472f88a08b8

Observation ee0a3c85-8ebc-4795-bba9-74ccda3f99a8 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A framework for anomaly detection using language modeling, and its applications to finance Unresolved cited work

Reference 23

Resolution
verified exact
doi, observed 2026-08-14T11:21:52.940889Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-14T11:21:52.906142Z digest=sha256:d24ffda0102d5bfffaec2aa366dcce2692939d353885da0dfadfbae84b6dc3e3

Observation 954d69c4-c4d2-438e-a46a-21a7f6aa41d3 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

A framework for anomaly detection using language modeling, and its applications to finance Unresolved cited work

Reference 24

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:21:53.011497Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-14T11:21:52.910438Z digest=sha256:88d4dee36235d36615afa4da38b50868d68371e6769617b01c400558124aeb93

Observation 6b8a976c-f36a-4760-89c8-6769cff9738c · outbound

This paper cites In Proceedings of the 24th ACM International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management, CIKM 2015, Melbourne, VIC, Australia, October 19 - 23, 2015.

A framework for anomaly detection using language modeling, and its applications to finance In Proceedings of the 24th ACM International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management, CIKM 2015, Melbourne, VIC, Australia, October 19 - 23, 2015

Reference 2015

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T11:21:53.102247Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-14T11:21:52.860375Z digest=sha256:0174fefa38487b66a38dbd743349848db2729e9e2a1e1246f436c7fd10706d7d

Pith citing papers

No inbound Pith citation observations are available.