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Aging Halos: Implications of the Magnitude Gap on Conditional Statistics of Stellar and Gas Properties of Massive Halos
Astrophysics of Galaxies · Submitted 16 Jan 2020
abstract compiled · 2026-09-23 · no language-model review
The authors' main claim We find a strong correlation between magnitude gap and gas mass, BCG stellar mass, and satellite galaxies stellar mass, but not the total stellar mass of halo.
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The abstract, sentence by sentence
Cold dark matter model predicts that the large-scale structure grows hierarchically. Small dark matter halos form first. Then, they grow gradually via continuous merger and accretion. These halos host the majority of baryonic matter in the Universe in the form of hot gas and cold stellar phase. Determining how baryons are partitioned into these phases requires detailed modeling of galaxy formation and their assembly history. It is speculated that formation time of the same mass halos might be correlated with their baryonic content. To evaluate this hypothesis, we employ halos of mass above $10^{14}\,M_{\odot}$ realized by TNG300 solution of the IllustrisTNG project. Formation time is not directly observable. Hence, we rely on the magnitude gap between the brightest and the fourth brightest halo galaxy member, which is shown that traces formation time of the host halo. We compute the conditional statistics of the stellar and gas content of halos conditioned on their total mass and magnitude gap. We find a strong correlation between magnitude gap and gas mass, BCG stellar mass, and satellite galaxies stellar mass, but not the total stellar mass of halo. Conditioning on the magnitude gap can reduce the scatter about halo property--halo mass relation and has a significant impact on the conditional covariance. Reduction in the scatter can be as significant as 30%, which implies more accurate halo mass prediction. Incorporating the magnitude gap has a potential to improve cosmological constraints using halo abundance and allows us to gain insight into the baryon evolution within these systems.
background contribution method result interpretation main claim
| # | sentence | role | the authors' own work | states the main conclusion | strength |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| s0 | Cold dark matter model predicts that the large-scale structure grows hierarchically. | background 1.00 | 0.03 | 0.01 | asserted 1.00 |
| s1 | Small dark matter halos form first. | background 1.00 | 0.04 | 0.01 | asserted 1.00 |
| s2 | Then, they grow gradually via continuous merger and accretion. | background 1.00 | 0.04 | 0.01 | asserted 1.00 |
| s3 | These halos host the majority of baryonic matter in the Universe in the form of hot gas and cold stellar phase. | background 1.00 | 0.04 | 0.02 | asserted 1.00 |
| s4 | Determining how baryons are partitioned into these phases requires detailed modeling of galaxy formation and their assembly history. | background 0.88 | 0.04 | 0.02 | asserted 0.97 |
| s5 | It is speculated that formation time of the same mass halos might be correlated with their baryonic content. | background 0.77 | 0.04 | 0.03 | speculative 1.00 |
| s6 | To evaluate this hypothesis, we employ halos of mass above $10^{14}\,M_{\odot}$ realized by TNG300 solution of the IllustrisTNG project. | method 0.98 | 0.84 | 0.02 | asserted 0.96 |
| s7 | Formation time is not directly observable. | background 0.45 | 0.08 | 0.01 | asserted 1.00 |
| s8 | Hence, we rely on the magnitude gap between the brightest and the fourth brightest halo galaxy member, which is shown that traces formation time of the host halo. | method 0.98 | 0.17 | 0.04 | asserted 0.99 |
| s9 | We compute the conditional statistics of the stellar and gas content of halos conditioned on their total mass and magnitude gap. | method 0.87 | 0.96 | 0.04 | asserted 0.96 |
| s10 | We find a strong correlation between magnitude gap and gas mass, BCG stellar mass, and satellite galaxies stellar mass, but not the total stellar mass of halo. | result 1.00 | 0.97 | 0.70 | asserted 1.00 |
| s11 | Conditioning on the magnitude gap can reduce the scatter about halo property--halo mass relation and has a significant impact on the conditional covariance. | result 0.97 | 0.92 | 0.33 | asserted 0.99 |
| s12 | Reduction in the scatter can be as significant as 30%, which implies more accurate halo mass prediction. | interpretation 0.57 | 0.92 | 0.16 | asserted 0.77 |
| s13 | Incorporating the magnitude gap has a potential to improve cosmological constraints using halo abundance and allows us to gain insight into the baryon evolution within these systems. | interpretation 0.97 | 0.34 | 0.26 | hedged possibility 0.98 |
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Original abstract
Cold dark matter model predicts that the large-scale structure grows hierarchically. Small dark matter halos form first. Then, they grow gradually via continuous merger and accretion. These halos host the majority of baryonic matter in the Universe in the form of hot gas and cold stellar phase. Determining how baryons are partitioned into these phases requires detailed modeling of galaxy formation and their assembly history. It is speculated that formation time of the same mass halos might be correlated with their baryonic content. To evaluate this hypothesis, we employ halos of mass above $10^{14}\,M_{\odot}$ realized by TNG300 solution of the IllustrisTNG project. Formation time is not directly observable. Hence, we rely on the magnitude gap between the brightest and the fourth brightest halo galaxy member, which is shown that traces formation time of the host halo. We compute the conditional statistics of the stellar and gas content of halos conditioned on their total mass and magnitude gap. We find a strong correlation between magnitude gap and gas mass, BCG stellar mass, and satellite galaxies stellar mass, but not the total stellar mass of halo. Conditioning on the magnitude gap can reduce the scatter about halo property--halo mass relation and has a significant impact on the conditional covariance. Reduction in the scatter can be as significant as 30%, which implies more accurate halo mass prediction. Incorporating the magnitude gap has a potential to improve cosmological constraints using halo abundance and allows us to gain insight into the baryon evolution within these systems.
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What it cites · 8 sentences without a confident label
Uses the method or tool of 1 paper
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The TNG solutions are based on the deformable-mesh code, Arepo [ref] that incorporate AGN feedback, cooling star-formation, and supernovae feedback with cosmological parameters listed in Table [ref].
The Arepo public code release · The Sample · 0.99
Cites as support 1 paper
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Our results suggest that splitting the total stellar mass into satellite and BCG components might improve the precision of halo mass estimation, which can be explained via the correlation between BCG mass and the age of halo [ref] .
Physical Correlations of the Scatter between Galaxy Mass, Stellar Content, and Halo Mass · Improving mass estimation · 0.98
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